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. 2022 Sep 30;12:16399. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20487-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Histology of the tissue section and drug response in patient-derived organoid of patient #3. (A) H&E staining of the source tumor tissue and organoid tissue sections. Scale bar, 25 μm. (B) The sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (anti-GFAP). Scale bar, 25 μm. (C) The PDOs were treated with temozolomide at the indicated doses converted from the clinical range. The response to the treatment was determined by BrdU incorporation assay measuring DNA replication and normalized by sizes of the organoid (in diameter). (D) Organoids were treated with temozolomide (TMZ) (28 μM and 140 μM) for 48 h. The viability of the cancer cells in the organoid was assessed by staining with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI). Scale bar, 200 μm.