. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 1;61(10):1262–1272. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.025

Table 3.

Group Comparisons for Distressing Psychotic-Like Experiences (PLEs) and Experiences of Discrimination (EOD), Including Comparisons Accounting for Follow-up Covariates^a

	Distressing PLEs			Distressing PLEs Including Follow-Up Covariates^a			EOD			EOD Including Follow-Up Covariates^a
Comparison	Est.	Z	p	Est.	Z	p	Est.	Z	p	Est.	Z	p
Black and White	3.71	12.08	<.001	2.426	7.614	<.001	0.218	18.269	<.001	0.168	14.058	<.001
Black and Hispanic	1.01	2.72	.008	0.46	1.213	.28	0.116	8.074	<.001	0.094	6.642	<.001
Black and Asian	4.46	6.11	<.001	2.281	3.086	.004	0.185	6.667	<.001	0.120	4.317	<.001
Black and Multiracial/Multiethnic	2.52	6.26	<.001	1.698	4.174	<.001	0.143	9.180	<.001	0.115	7.467	<.001
Hispanic and White	2.70	9.14	<.001	1.966	6.588	<.001	0.102	9.178	<.001	0.075	6.808	<.001
Hispanic and Asian	3.45	4.86	<.001	1.821	2.564	.02	0.069	2.569	.01	0.026	0.981	.36
Hispanic and Multiracial/Multiethnic	1.51	3.87	<.001	1.237	3.169	.004	0.028	1.859	.08	0.021	1.428	.19
Asian and White	−0.75	−1.09	.28	0.146	0.211	.83	0.033	1.269	.20	0.049	1.868	.09
Asian and Multiracial/Multiethnic	−1.94	−2.63	.01	−0.583	−0.792	.48	−0.041	−1.479	.15	−0.005	−0.192	.85
Multiracial/Multiethnic and White	1.18	3.53	.001	0.729	2.186	.04	0.074	5.800	<.001	0.054	4.291	<.001

Abbreviations: Est.=mean differences; Z=Z statistics; p=p-value.

Follow-up covariates included caregiver-rating of the youth’s English proficiency, whether the youth was born in the United States, financial adversity, and adverse childhood experiences.