Table 2.
The descriptive data, clinical and echocardiographic parameters comparison between Strauss and non- Strauss group
| Non-Strauss | Strauss | Test value | P-value | Sig. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. = 37 | No. = 30 | ||||
| Age | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 62.97 ± 5.69 | 62.07 ± 6.08 | 0.629• | 0.532 | NS |
| Range | 52–74 | 52–73 | |||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 24 (64.9%) | 15 (50.0%) | 1.505* | 0.220 | NS |
| Female | 13 (35.1%) | 15 (50.0%) | |||
| BMI | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 30.00 ± 3.25 | 32.07 ± 5.60 | − 1.890• | 0.063 | NS |
| Range | 24–37 | 24–46 | |||
| Diabetes | |||||
| Yes | 22 (59.5%) | 18 (60.0%) | 0.002* | 0.964 | NS |
| HTN | |||||
| Yes | 18 (48.6%) | 26 (86.7%) | 10.622* | 0.001 | HS |
| CKD | |||||
| eGFR > 60 | 33 (89.2%) | 24 (80%) | 9.395* | 0.009 | HS |
| eGFR30-60 | 4 (10.8%) | 6 (20.0%) | |||
| Cardiomyopathy | |||||
| DCM | 21 (56.8%) | 13 (43.3%) | 1.194* | 0.274 | NS |
| ICM | 16 (43.2%) | 17 (56.7%) | |||
| ACEI | |||||
| Yes | 27 (73.0%) | 24 (80.0%) | 0.450* | 0.502 | NS |
| ARNI | |||||
| Yes | 4 (10.8%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0.012* | 0.914 | NS |
| BB | |||||
| Yes | 37 (100.0%) | 30 (100.0%) | NA | NA | NS |
| Diuretics | |||||
| Yes | 37 (100.0%) | 27 (90.0%) | 3.873* | 0.049 | S |
| MRAs | |||||
| Yes | 23 (62.2%) | 21 (70.0%) | 0.451* | 0.502 | NS |
| SGLT2 inh | |||||
| Yes | 4 (10.8%) | 4 (13.3%) | 0.100* | 0.752 | NS |
| QRS duration (msec) | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 134.32 ± 7.65 | 166.33 ± 22.05 | − 8.251• | < 0.001 | HS |
| Range | 130–160 | 140–200 | |||
| NYHA improvement | |||||
| No | 10 (27.8%) | 6 (20.0%) | 9.562* | 0.023 | S |
| One-class | 23 (63.9%) | 12 (40.0%) | |||
| Two-class | 3 (8.3%) | 11 (36.7%) | |||
| Three-class | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.3%) | |||
| ESV reduction | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 15.63 ± 2.34 | 17.92 ± 4.47 | 3.352• | 0.023 | S |
| Range | 5–18 | 5–27 | |||
| EF improvement by Simpson | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 5.81 ± 0.85 | 9.42 ± 3.05 | 5.801• | < 0.001 | HS |
| Range | 5–8 | 6–15 | |||
| GLS improvement | |||||
| Median (IQR) | − 3 (− 4 to − 3) | − 6 (− 7 to − 4) | 4.732≠ | < 0.001 | HS |
| Range | − 6–0 | − 11 to − 2 | |||
| GCS improvement | |||||
| Median (IQR) | − 3 (− 4 to − 2) | − 7 (− 8 to − 5) | 4.919≠ | < 0.001 | HS |
| Range | − 7–0 | − 10 to − 2 | |||
| 6-month Hosp | |||||
| Yes | 13 (35.1%) | 12 (40%) | 0.676* | 0.879 | NS |
| Mortality | |||||
| Yes | 1 (2.7%) | 0(0%) | 0.823* | 0.364 | NS |
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor neutrilypsin inhibitor, beta-blockers, body mass index, chronic kidney disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertension, ischemic cardiomyopathy, mineralocorticoids receptor antagonists, standard deviation, end systolic volume, ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain, global circumferential strain, New York Heart Association, right ventricle systolic pressure, standard deviation, tricuspid regurgitation. *: Chi-square test; •: Independent t-test; ≠: Mann-Whitney test