Table 2.
Comparison between endothelial dysfunction and normal endothelial function groups
| Variable | Normal endothelial function n = 14 | Endothelial dysfunction n = 136 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 50.86 ± 4.55 | 57.51 ± 5.92 | < 0.001• |
| Gender (%) | 0.09* | ||
| Males | 5 (35.7%) | 80 (58.8%) | |
| Smoking (%) | 2 (14.3%) | 56 (41.2%) | 0.04* |
| Hypertension (%) | 5 (35.7%) | 62 (45.6%) | 0.47* |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 2 (14.3%) | 41 (30.1%) | 0.21* |
| Family history (%) | 6 (42.9%) | 27 (19.9%) | 0.04* |
| Previous PCI (%) | 1 (7.1%) | 16 (11.8%) | 0.6* |
| Previous CABG (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0.74* |
| Previous myocardial infarction (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (6.6%) | 0.32* |
| Previous angina (%) | 3 (21.4%) | 47 (34.6%) | 0.32* |
| Myocardial infarction presentation | |||
| Territory of infarction (%) | 0.58* | ||
| Anterior | 4 (28.6%) | 75 (55.1%) | |
| Non-anterior | 10 (71.5%) | 61 (44.8%) | |
| Pain to door (hours) | 5.64 ± 2.17 | 5.57 ± 1.92 | 0.89• |
| SBP (mmHg) | 117.50 ± 13.97 | 118.20 ± 15.21 | 0.86• |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.57 ± 9.49 | 73.57 ± 12.46 | 0.99• |
| Killip class | 0.46* | ||
| I | 12 (85.7%) | 105 (77.2%) | |
| II | 2 (14.3%) | 31 (22.8%) | |
| Angiographic findings | |||
| Culprit vessel (%) | 0.3* | ||
| LAD | 6 (42.8%) | 85 (62.5%) | |
| LCX | 2(14.4%) | 17(12.5%) | |
| RCA | 6 (42.8%) | 34 (25%) | |
| Thrombus burden grade | 0.36* | ||
| I | 7 (50.0%) | 88 (64.7%) | |
| II | 7 (50.0%) | 44 (32.4%) | |
| III | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (2.9%) | |
| Baseline TIMI flow | 0.558* | ||
| I | 2 (14.3%) | 14 (10.3%) | |
| II | 8 (57.1%) | 63 (46.3%) | |
| III | 4 (28.6%) | 59 (43.4%) | |
| Post-PCI TIMI flow | 0.37* | ||
| I | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (5.9%) | |
| II | 1 (7.1%) | 23 (16.9%) | |
| III | 13 (92.9%) | 105 (77.2%) | |
| Success of epicardial reperfusion by TIMI flow | 0.17* | ||
| Non TIMI III | 1 (7.1%) | 31 (22.8%) | |
| TIMI III | 13 (92.9%) | 105 (77.2%) | |
| Myocardial blush grade | 0.001* | ||
| 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 21 (15.4%) | |
| 1 | 1 (7.1%) | 22 (16.2%) | |
| 2 | 2 (14.3%) | 57 (41.9%) | |
| 3 | 11 (78.6%) | 36 (26.5%) | |
| Success of myocardial reperfusion (by MBG) | 0.06* | ||
| MBG 0–1 | 1 (7.1%) | 43 (31.6%) | |
| MBG 2–3 | 13 (92.9%) | 93 (68.4%) | |
CABG Coronary artery bypass graft, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, LAD Left anterior descending artery, LCX Left circumflex artery, MBG Myocardial blush grade, PCI Percutaneous intervention, RCA Right coronary artery, SBP Systolic blood pressure, TIMI Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
*: Chi-square test; •: Independent t-test