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. 2022 Sep 30;12:420. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-02171-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Predicted values for alcohol use index (AUI) from ages 12 to 32 using linear mixed models in Add Health (N = 5107). Values for EXT and ALCP-specific polygenic scores set to ±1.5 SD. The shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals. Confidence intervals estimated using percentile method bootstrapping over 1000 bootstrap samples. All other covariates set to mean values.