Table 1.
Abnormalities of Cx43 in experimental models.
| Experimental objects | Type of cells | Species | In vivo or in vitro | Models | Dose and duration | Effect on Cx43 expression | Effect on the ratio of Cx43 to GFAP | Effect on Cx43 phosphorylation | Research method | Effect on Cx43 function | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hippocampus | Astrocytes | Mouse | In vivo | Acute restraint stress | 2 h × 1 time | No effect (protein) | – | – | Acute slices, Dye (Etd) uptake experiment | Augmentation (HCs) | [11] |
| Chronic restraint stress | 2 h × 10 times | No effect (protein) | – | – | Further augmentation (HCs) | ||||||
| Prefrontal cortex | Unknown | Rat | In vivo | CUS | 28 days | Decrease (mRNA and protein) | Decrease | – | Dye (LY) transfer, Electron microscopy | Inhibition (GJCs) | [4, 27, 29] |
| CBX | 1, 10, 100 mM, PLC (bilateral) | Decrease (protein) | Decrease | – | Dye (LY) transfer | ||||||
| Hippocampus | Unknown | Rat | In vivo | CUS | 45 days | Decrease (protein) | Decrease | – | Dye (LY) transfer, Electron microscopy | Inhibition (GJCs) | [40] |
| CBX | 100 mM, Hippocampal CA1 (bilateral) | Increase (protein) | Increase | – | Dye (LY) transfer | ||||||
| Hippocampus | Unknown | Mouse | In vivo | CORT (in water) | 5 mg · kg−1 · d−1, 28 days | No effect (protein) | – | Increase | – | – | [44] |
| Cortical astrocytes | Astrocytes | Rat | In vitro | CORT | 5–50 µM, 16 days | Decrease (protein) | Decrease | – | – | – | [36] |
| Cortical astrocytes | Astrocytes | Rat | In vitro | CORT | 50 µM, 24 h | Decrease (protein) | – | Increase (Ser368) | Dye (LY) transfer | Inhibition (GJCs) | [37] |
| Hippocampal astrocytes | Astrocytes | Rat | In vitro | CORT | 50 µM, 24 h | Decrease (protein) | – |
CBX carbenoxolone, CORT corticosterone, CUS chronic unpredictable stress, Etd ethidium bromide, GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein, GJCs gap junction channels, HCs hemichannels, LY lucifer yellow, PLC prelimbic cortex, Ref reference.