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. 2022 Sep 30;12:16453. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20509-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of protein expressions (LC-HRMS; Proteome discoverer database). An enzyme on the left side is up-regulated and on the right side, it is down-regulated. Fold change in protein expression level after treatment with 346 µM CA compared to untreated control. Red and green color indicates upregulation and downregulation of proteins, respectively after CA-treatment compared to untreated cells with the fold change indicated at the right.