Figure 3.

Measurement of membrane leakage by LDH assay after 6 h, 1% Triton-X-100- (Tx-100)-treated and H₂O₂-treated (0.1–0.2 mM) cells were used as positive and negative control respectively. CA and AmB-mediated membrane damage of promastigotes measured by LDH assay (A). Determination of fluorescence anisotropy was performed after caprylic acid treatment and values of DPH-labelled parasites were compared with AmB treated cells (B). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is measured after 12 h treatment with CA (C). Agarose (1.5%) gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA isolated from parasites treated with CA and H₂O₂ with 100 bp and 1 kb DNA ladder as a marker (D). FACS analysis of AV and PI-stained promastigotes after treatment with CA (173 and 346 μM). Untreated cells were used as negative control and H₂O₂ (0.2 mM) treated cells as positive control of apoptosis (E). Note: **0.05 < P < 0.01; ***0.01 < P < 0.001.