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. 2022 Sep 28;22:127–140. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.014

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Migration capability of rBMSCs in the 3D-printed CL scaffolds with varied pitches (serum content: 5%). (A–D) The representative CLSM images of the initial position (marked by yellow dotted lines) of rBMSCs after cultured for 1 day, scale bars = 500 μm. (The red solid lines represented the bottom position of spiral circle in the CL scaffolds.) (E–H) The representative CLSM images of the final position (marked by yellow solid lines) of rBMSCs after migrating for 10 days, scale bars = 500 μm. (I–L) The corresponding magnified CLSM images of rBMSCs after migrating for 10 days, scale bars = 125 μm. Statistical analysis of cell migration in Z direction (vertical direction) (M) and XY direction (horizontal direction) (N). (n = 5, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001). Yellow arrows showed the direction of a single strut for the conventional cross-strut scaffolds or a printing step for the CL scaffolds.