Table 1.
Descriptive statistical analysis of various variables.
| Symbols of variables | Minimum value | Maximum value | Mean value | Standard deviation | Definition of variables and source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GTFP | 0.521 | 1.138 | 0.890 | 0.086 | Calculation based on EBM-DDF |
| cer | 0 | 28 | 3.622 | 4.559 | Number of environmental regulations in each regiona |
| lnmer | 6.764 | 12.531 | 10.470 | 1.026 | Total amount of sewage emission expenses in each regiona |
| lnver | 2.565 | 9.387 | 7.251 | 1.118 | Number of environmental petitions and visits made by general public in each regiona |
| TI | 0.130 | 36.804 | 3.978 | 6.336 | Number of patent applications granted per 10,000 peopleb,c |
| FS | 0.010 | 0.228 | 0.057 | 0.029 | Number of skilled labor force per unit of energyd,e |
| IS | 0.494 | 3.658 | 0.901 | 0.448 | Proportion of the output value in the tertiary industry divided by the output value in the secondary industryf |
| FDI | 0.015 | 10.512 | 2.687 | 2.126 | Proportion of foreign direct investment in GDPc,f |
Data sources are annotated as the following: a: China Environment Yearbook; b: China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook; c: China Statistical Yearbook; d: China Labor Statistical Yearbook; e: China Energy Statistical Yearbook; f: Statistical Yearbooks of various provinces.