TABLE 3.

Effect of prunes (dried plum) supplementation on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory outcomes in clinical studies¹

Study design	Study population	Intervention2	Control2	Duration of intervention	Antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effect	Reference
RCT, parallel arm	Postmenopausal women (n = 40, completed)	50 g/d DP consumption (n = 14, age = 68.5 y)100 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 70.4 y)	0 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 71 y)	6 mo	↓Plasma TBARS in 50-g/d and 100-g/d DP groups↑Plasma TAC in 50-g/d DP group↑Plasma SOD activity in 50-g/d and 100-g/d DP groups↑Plasma GST activity in 50-g/d DP group↔Plasma CAT and GPX activities	(160)
RCT, parallel arm	Postmenopausal women with osteopenia (n = 100, completed)	100 g/d DP consumption (n = 55, age = 57.5 y)	75 g/d dried apple consumption (n = 45, age = 55.6 y)	3, 6, and 12 mo	↓Serum CRP at 3 mo in DP group↔Serum CRP at 6 or 12 mo	(41)
RCT, parallel arm	Postmenopausal women with osteopenia (n = 42, completed)	50 g/d DP consumption (n = 16, age = 68.5 y)100 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 70.4 y)	0 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 71 y)	6 mo	↔Serum CRP	(42)
RCT, parallel arm	Postmenopausal women (n = 40, completed)	50 g/d DP consumption (n = 14, age = 68.5 y)100 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 70.4 y)	0 g/d DP consumption (n = 13, age = 71 y)	6 mo	↓Plasma IL-6, TNF-α in 50-g/d DP group	(160)

¹CAT, catalase; CRP, C-reactive protein; DP, dried plum; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GST, glutathione S transferase; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; ↑, significant increase; ↓, significant decrease; ↔, no change.

²Includes 500 mg calcium + 400 IU (10 mg) vitamin D₃. Ages are means.