TABLE 1.
Epigenetic targets with therapeutic potential described in this review1
| Function | Factor | Cofactor/metabolic inhibitor | Consequences of inhibition |
|---|---|---|---|
| DNA methyltransferase | DNMT1 | S-adenosylmethionine | Induction of repetitive elements and tumor suppressors |
| Histone methyltransferase | EZH2 | S-adenosylmethionine | Induction of repetitive elements and tumor suppressors |
| Histone demethylase | LSD1 | Flavin-adenine dinucleotide | |
| Histone deacetylase | HDACs | β-Hydroxybutyrate | Induction of repetitive elements and tumor suppressors |
| Bromodomain-containing protein | BRD4 CREBBP/EP300 |
Silencing of oncogenes associated with SEs | |
| RNA methylase | METTL3 | S-adenosylmethionine | MYC downregulation |
| RNA demethylase | FTO |
2-Oxoglutarate Vitamin C |
MYC downregulation |
1
BRD, bromodomain; DNMT1, DNA methyltransferase 1; EZH2, Enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit; LSD1, lysine specific demethylase 1; HDAC, histone deacetylase; METTL, methyltransferase-like; SE, super-enhancer.