TABLE 1.
Carnosine content of skeletal muscle and the brain in various species
| Study (reference) | Tissue | Species | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Skeletal muscle | |||
| Harris et al. (21) | Vastus lateralis | Human | 16.0 ± 7.2 mmol · kg−1 dry muscle (mean ± SD) |
| Flancbaum et al. (14) | Muscle | Rat | 19.07 ± 6.77 μg/g (mean ± SEM) |
| Mouse | 8.03 ± 4.27 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Guinea pig | 5.15 ± 0.41 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Mannion et al. (22) | Quadriceps femoris | Human | 20 ± 4.7 mmol · kg–1 dry muscle (mean ± SD) |
| Chan et al. (16) | Leg | Rat | 874.1 ± 88.1μg/g (mean ± SEM) |
| Brain | |||
| Margolis (23) | Olfactory bulb | Mouse | 2.2 mM |
| Whole brain (excluding olfactory bulb) | Mouse | Not detected | |
| Flancbaum et al. (14) | Olfactory bulb | Rat | 11.20 ± 5.04 μg/g (mean ± SEM) |
| Mouse | 31.10 ± 4.85 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Guinea pig | 5.28 ± 2.49 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Hypothalamus | Rat | 3.91 ± 0.71 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | |
| Mouse | 25.97 ± 3.83 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Guinea pig | 3.11 ± 0.95 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Pituitary | Rat | 14.22 ± 3.41 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | |
| Guinea pig | 1.56 ± 1.08 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | ||
| Cerebrum | Mouse | 7.60 ± 2.17 μg/g (mean ± SEM) | |