Cell density-dependent HIF-1α expression is modulated by Notch1 signaling regulation. A β-GA, GSI, RGDFV-peptide, A205804, or RGD-peptide were administered to high-density cultured U251-MG cells, and HIF-1α expression was evaluated by immunoblot assays. GAPDH was used as the loading control. The data are representative of three individual experiments. B NICD or HIF-1α expression was measured at different confluencies of U251-MG and U373-MG cells by immunoblot assays. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) were cultured for 1, 4, or 7 days to establish different sizes of spheroids, after which, NICD or HIF-1α were measured by immunoblot assays. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Relative pixel intensities were measured using ImageJ software. The data are representative of three individual experiments. C, D GSI (20 µM) or recombinant Dll4 (rDll4; 100 mg/L) were added to U251-MG cells in a time-dependent manner, and then NICD or HIF-1α levels were analyzed by immunoblot assays. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Relative pixel intensities were measured using ImageJ software. The data are representative of three individual experiments. E Low- or high-density cultured U251-MG cells were transfected with control or Notch1-targeting siRNA using Lipofectamine 2000™ reagent. After 48 h of siRNA transfection, HIF-1α activity was measured by the luciferase reporter assay (n = 3; Tukey’s post hoc test was applied to detect significant group effects in ANOVA, p < 0.0001; asterisks indicate a significant difference compared to 0% inhibition, ***p < 0.001, n.s.: non-significant). NICD levels were significantly decreased in low and high-density cultured U251-MG cells after si-Notch1 transfections compared to si-Controls (Inset). F Low- or high-density cultured U251-MG cells were maintained for 24 h, after which, the expression levels of NICD, HIF-1α, p-FAK(Y397), FAK, p-AKT, AKT, or GAPDH were evaluated by immunoblot assays. Relative pixel intensities were measured using ImageJ software. The data are representative of three individual experiments