TABLE 2.
Summary of secondary outcomes.
| Baseline (0 week) | Post-intervention (12 weeks) | Interaction effect | Group effect | Time effect | ΔMeanadj [95%CI] | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive self-report questionnaire | ||||||||
| CON | 73.0 (11.3) | 75.4 (12.3) | 0.119 | 0.215 | 0.713 | N/A | N/A | |
| M1 | 74.6 (7.5) | 67.0 (5.8) | ||||||
| M3 | 79.4 (14.3) | 73.0 (13.4) | ||||||
| V1 | 69.3 (18) | 60.3 (12.5) | ||||||
| V3 | 73.5 (15.3) | 64.9 (13.4) | ||||||
| Cardiopulmonary VO2max test | ||||||||
| CON | 32.4 (4.1) | 31.2 (3.2) | <0.05 | 0.146 | 0.767 | |||
| M1 | 26.9 (5.1) | 30.3 (5.3) | M1 vs. CON | 4.3 (2.9 to 5.8) | <0.001 | |||
| M3 | 28.2 (3.8) | 30.6 (4.4) | M3 vs. CON | 3.4 (1.9 to 4.8) | <0.001 | |||
| V1 | 32.0 (6.0) | 34.4 (5.6) | V1 vs. CON | 3.7 (2.3 to 5.0) | <0.001 | |||
| V3 | 29.6 (4.5) | 33.0 (4.4) | V3 vs. CON | 4.5 (3.1 to 5.90) | <0.001 | |||
| Hospital anxiety and depression scale | ||||||||
| Anxiety subscale | ||||||||
| CON | 6.0 (3.5) | 7.0 (3.2) | <0.005 | 0.448 | 0.295 | |||
| M1 | 5.1 (2.8) | 3.3 (2.0) | M1 vs CON | −3.0 (−4.5 to 1.5) | <0.001 | |||
| M3 | 7.9 (4.5) | 4.7 (3.5) | M3 vs CON | −3.8 (−5.3 to 2.3) | <0.001 | |||
| V1 | 5.3 (4.1) | 3.6 (2.9) | V1 vs CON | −2.8 (−4.2 to 1.3) | <0.005 | |||
| V3 | 5.3 (1.7) | 3.4 (2.1) | V3 vs CON | −3.0 (−4.5 to 1.6) | <0.001 | |||
| Depression subscale | ||||||||
| CON | 6.9 (3.5) | 6.4 (3.2) | 0.214 | 0.064 | 0.500 | N/A | N/A | |
| M1 | 6.3 (2.2) | 4.9 (1.8) | ||||||
| M3 | 10.9 (1.9) | 8.9 (2.3) | ||||||
| V1 | 6.3 (3.4) | 4.8 (2.3) | ||||||
| V3 | 7.5 (4.7) | 5.6 (4.2) | ||||||
| Pittsburgh sleep quality index | ||||||||
| CON | 11.0 (3.5) | 11.6 (4.2) | 0.278 | 0.742 | 0.328 | N/A | N/A | |
| M1 | 10.9 (2.1) | 9.1 (2.1) | ||||||
| M3 | 9.7 (4.3) | 7.7 (3.4) | ||||||
| V1 | 9.9 (3.5) | 6.6 (3.5) | ||||||
| V3 | 13.1 (3.5) | 9.3 (3.9) | ||||||
Data are expressed as mean (standard deviation). Data were analyzed by generalized estimating equations model with baseline measurements as covariates. Closed test procedure with Holm-Bonferroni correction was used in the post hoc analysis. CON, stretching exercise control group, M1, moderate-intensity once-a-week walking group, M3, moderate-intensity thrice-a-week walking group, V1, vigorous-intensity once-a-week walking group, and V3, vigorous-intensity thrice-a-week walking group.