Table 3.
Use of ferritins in imaging and diagnosis.
| Application | Ferritin | Cargo | Modification | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluorescence imaging | Short ferritin | Tumor-targeting proapoptotic peptide, GFP | Genetic modification | 44 |
| CT imaging, | Horse spleen ferritin | Bi2S3 | Incubation (Inlaying) | 7 |
| Peroxidase nanoenzyme | Pyrococcus furiosus ferritin | Co3O4 | Mineralization | 45 |
| Fluorescence imaging, MRI | Human HFn | Cy5.5, Fe3O4 | Chemical conjugation, mineralization | 24 |
| SPECT, MRI | Human HFn | Fe3O4, 125I | Mineralization, chemical conjugation (Iodogen method) | 18 |
| Peroxidase nanoenzyme | Horse spleen ferritin | Prussian blue | Mineralization | 46 |
| MRI | Horse spleen ferritin | Mn(III)OOH | Mineralization | 47 |
| Fluorescence imaging, MRI | Archaeoglobus fulgidus ferritin | GQDs, Fe | Disassembly/reassembly | 48 |
| Fluorescence imaging, MRI | Human HFn | GFP, Fe3O4 | Genetic modification, mineralization | 49 |
| Fluorescence imaging | Human HFn | RFP | Genetic modification | 21 |
| Fluorescence imaging | Human HFn | Indocyanine Green | Disassembly/reassembly | 23 |
| Fluorescence imaging, PAI | Human HFn | Tricarbocyanine | Disassembly/reassembly | 19 |
| Fluorescence imaging | Human HFn | ZnF16Pc, ZW800 | Disassembly/reassembly, chemical conjugation | 6 |
| PET imaging, fluorescence imaging | Human HFn | Cy5.5, 64Cu | Chemical conjugation, genetic modification, disassembly/reassembly | 50 |
| PET imaging, MRI, PAI | Horse spleen ferritin | Melanin, 64Cu | Disassembly/reassembly, incubation | 51 |
| Fluorescence imaging | Human HFn | Cy5.5, BHQ-3 | Bioconjugation, chemical conjugation, disassembly/reassembly | 50 |
CT computed tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, SPECT single-photon emission computerized tomography, GQD graphene quantum dot, GFP green fluorescent protein, RFP red fluorescent protein, PAI photoacoustic imaging, ZW800 zwitterionic near-infrared fluorophore, PET positron emission tomography, BHQ black hole quencher.