Table 1.
Patient demographics, bivariate comparison, and multivariate regression of Group 1 versus Group 2 with respect to patient and clinic characteristics.
| Characteristic | Total N = 51 (%) |
Visits with ⩽74.2% of topics covered N = 26 (51) |
Visits with > 74.2% Topics covered N = 25 (49) |
p value | Odds ratio (CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||||
| Median age [IQR] | 31.6 [28.2–33.9] | 31.7 [26.2–33.9] | 31.6 [29.0–33.4] | 0.94 a | |
| Parity: | 0.49 c | ||||
| Nulliparous | 25 (49) | 14 (53.8) | 11(44) | ||
| Multiparous | 26 (50) | 12 (46.1) | 14 (56) | ||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 8 [7,9] | 8 [7,9] | 8 [8,9] | 0.59 a | |
| Race/ethnicity: | 0.34 b | ||||
| Asian/non-Hispanic | 2 (3.9) | 1 (3.9) | 1 (4) | ||
| Black/non-Hispanic | 7 (13.7) | 5 (19.2) | 2 (8) | ||
| White/non-Hispanic | 28 (54.9) | 16 (61.5) | 12 (48) | ||
| Multiple race/other | 4 (7.8) | 1 (3.9) | 3 (12) | ||
| Any race/Hispanic | 10 (19.6) | 3 (11.5) | 7 (28) | ||
| Insurance: | 0.77 b | ||||
| Medicaid/CHP | 7 (13.7) | 4 (15.3) | 3 (12) | ||
| Tricare | 4 (7.8) | 3 (5.9) | 1 (4) | ||
| Private | 37 (72.5) | 18 (69.2) | 19 (76) | ||
| Self-pay | 1 (2) | 0 | 1 (4) | ||
| Median income US$ by zip code [IQR] | 60,050 [43,764–71,460] | 69,305 [43,815–75,237] | 53,986 [43,764–67,988] | 0.21 a | |
| Chronic disease (yes) | 31 (61) | 13 (50) | 18 (72) | 0.11 c | 1.67d,e (0.91–3.09) |
| History of obstetric complications (yes) | 21 (41) | 9 (34.6) | 12 (48) | 0.33 c | |
| Social risk factors (yes) | 11 (21.6) | 4 (15.4) | 7 (28) | 0.32 b | |
| Preferred language: | 0.51 b | ||||
| English | 50 (98) | 25 (96) | 25 (100) | ||
| Spanish | 1 (3.9) | - | |||
| Clinic characteristics | |||||
| Provider type: | 0.73 b | ||||
| MD | 9 (17.7) | 4 (15.3) | 5 (20) | ||
| APP | 42 (82.4) | 22 (84.6) | 20 (80) | ||
| Provider experience (years) | 0.82 b | ||||
| 1–3+ | 15 (29) | 5 (19.2) | 10 (40) | ||
| 8–11 | 4 (7.8) | 2 (7.7) | 2 (8) | ||
| 12+ | 32 (62.8) | 19 (73.1) | 13 (52) | ||
| Nurse-led education (yes) | 6 (11.8) | 1 (3.9) | 5 (20) | 0.01 b | 1.82d,f (1.19–2.78) |
| Prenatal questionnaire completed (yes) | 36 (70.6) | 15 (58) | 21 (84) | 0.04 c | 2.28d,g (1.00–5.15) |
| Patient satisfaction | |||||
| Completed surveys | 49 (96) | 25 (49) | 24 (47) | 0.41 b | |
| Very satisfied | 45 (92) | 24 (96) | 21 (87.5) | ||
| Satisfied | 3 (6) | 1 (4) | 2 (8.3) | ||
| Dissatisfied | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Very dissatisfied | 1 (2) | 0 | 1 (4.2) | ||
CI: confidence interval; IQR: interquartile range.
a
Kruskal–Wallis test.
b
Fisher’s Exact test.
c
Chi-square test.
d
Multivariable Poisson Regression Model with Robust Error Variance.
e
Reference: no history of chronic disease.
f
Reference: no RN involved in patient care.
g
Reference: no prenatal questionnaire competed.