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. 2022 Sep 30;31:09636897221126088. doi: 10.1177/09636897221126088

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© The Author(s) 2022

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 9. — Role of the pro-inflammatory mediators in the effects of CS/GP/Fe₃O₄/DXM hydrogel on the CCI rat models. (A–C) Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum. All the data were expressed as the means ± SEM (n = 4 for each group). *P < 0.05 as compared to the control group; ^#P < 0.05 as compared with the CCI group; ^&P < 0.05 as compared to the CS/GP group. Abbreviations: IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-1β, interleukin 1β.