Table 2.
Clinical variables associated with sorafenib-related survival on univariate analysis in patients with advanced stage HCC.
| Predictor | Median overall survival (months) | Univariable models | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p | ||
| NAFLD versus other aetiologies | 9.51 versus 7.66 | 0.99 (0.84–1.18) | 0.98 |
| Age (<75 versus ⩾75years) | 7.79 versus 7.14 | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) | 0.2 |
| BCLC stage C or D versus 0, A or B | 5.95 versus 10.13 | 1.49 (1.41–1.59) | <0.001 |
| CTP class (B versus A) |
4.51 versus 10.07 | 1.13 (1.06–1.19) | <0.001 |
| Tumour size ⩾7 versus <7 cm (N = 3091) | 5.36 versus 9.51 | 1.00 (0.93–1.09) | 0.92 |
| AFP ⩾400 versus <400 IU/dl (n = 4804) | 5.76 versus 9.87 | 1.06 (1.00–1.13) | 0.052 |
| Cirrhosis (present/absent) | 7.59 versus 11.41 | 1.27 (1.08–1.50) | 0.005 |
| Metastases (present/absent) | 5.36 versus 8.26 | 1.41 (1.31–1.51) | <0.001 |
| PVT (present; N = 4582) | 7.89 versus 7.43 | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) | 0.56 |
| Diabetes (present/absent) | 7.70 versus 7.73 | 0.99 (0.93–1.04) | 0.63 |
| Hypertension (present/absent) | 12.2 versus 13.9 | 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | 0.65 |
| Cardiovascular disease
a
(present/absent) |
6.74 versus 7.63 | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | 0.35 |
| Previous treatment (yes/no) | 9.67 versus 6.61 | 0.81 (0.76–0.86) | <0.001 |
| Starting dose (800 mg versus 400 mg) | 8.09 versus 7.00 | 0.92 (0.86–0.97) | 0.003 |
| Dose reduction (yes/no) |
5.90 versus 8.93 | 0.92 (0.91–0.92) | <0.001 |
| Treatment response
b
(yes/no) |
8.00 versus 7.70 | 0.91 (0.39–2.11) | 0.819 |
| Duration of treatment | N/A | 0.92 (0.91–0.92) | <0.001 |
AFP, α-fetoprotein; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Class; CI, confidence interval; CTP: Child–Turcotte–Pugh; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; PVT: portal vein thrombus.
a
The impact of cardiovascular disease on sorafenib-specific survival was only assessed in the Veterans Affairs cohort.
b
Treatment response was defined as complete response, partial response or stable disease per RECIST criteria on imaging [CT quad phase or contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of liver].