Table 2.

Cumulative incidence and hazard ratios of visiting a nephrologist in the next 18 months from first eGFR measurement <60 ml/min per 1.73 m² among individuals with no history of nephrologist referral in the Stockholm region from 2009 to 2017, women compared with men

Category		18-Month Cumulative Incidence Estimates (95% CI) of Visiting a Nephrologist		HR (95% CI) of Visiting a Nephrologist in the Next 18 Months
	Number of Individuals	Men	Women	Unadjusted HR Women versus Men	P Value	Adjusted HRd Women versus Men	P Value
Overall	217,341	4.2% (4.0–4.3)	2.0% (1.9–2.0)	0.46 (0.43–0.48)	<0.001	0.58 (0.55–0.61)	<0.001
By age categories, yr
<65	42,531	7.7% (7.3–8.0)	4.3% (4.0–4.6)	0.54 (0.50–0.59)	<0.001	0.63 (0.58–0.68)	<0.001
65–75	61,359	3.9% (3.7–4.2)	2.0% (1.9–2.2)	0.50 (0.46–0.55)	<0.001	0.61 (0.56–0.68)	<0.001
>75	113,451	2.6% (2.5–2.8)	1.2% (1.–1.3)	0.45 (0.42–0.50)	<0.001	0.49 (0.45–0.54)	<0.001
By presence of comorbidities
Hypertension	134,374	4.0% (3.9–4.2)	1.9% (1.8–2.0)	0.46 (0.43–0.49)	<0.001	0.61 (0.57–0.65)	<0.001
Diabetes	41,687	5.1% (4.8–5.4)	2.9% (2.7–3.1)	0.55 (0.50–0.61)	<0.001	0.69 (0.62–0.76)	<0.001
CVD	78,617	4.0% (3.8–4.2)	1.9% (1.8–2.1)	0.47 (0.43–0.51)	<0.001	0.59 (0.54–0.65)	<0.001
By CKD category
G3a	175,889	2.8% (2.7–2.9)	1.2% (1.2–1.3)	0.44 (0.41–0.47)	<0.001	0.54 (0.50–0.58)	<0.001
G3b	31,990	7.4% (6.9–7.8)	2.2% (3.1–3.6)	0.43 (0.39–0.47)	<0.001	0.58 (0.52–0.64)	<0.001
G4	8012	16.4% (15.2–17.6)	9.5% (8.6–10.4)	0.53 (0.47–0.61)	<0.001	0.69 (0.60–0.78)	<0.001
G5ND	1450	29.4% (26.3–32.5)	20.8% (17.7–24.0)	0.67 (0.54–0.83)	<0.001	0.78 (0.63–0.97)	0.03
Albuminuriaa	20,978	8.2% (7.7–8.7)	5.7% (5.2–.2)	0.68 (0.61–0.76)	<0.001	0.69 (0.62–0.77)	<0.001
Meeting KDIGO criteria for referralb	28,016	11.4% (10.9–11.9)	6.8% (6.4–7.3)	0.58 (0.53–0.63)	<0.001	0.68 (0.63–0.74)	<0.001
Meeting regional criteria for referralc	17,475	13.4% (12.7–14.1)	7.9% (7.3–8.5)	0.57 (0.52–0.63)	<0.001	0.63 (0.57–0.69)	<0.001

CVD, cardiovascular disease; ND, nondialysis dependent; KDIGO, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.

^aAlbuminuria A2 and A3 combined.

^bMeeting KDIGO referral criterion of eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m², presence of albuminuria A3, or CKD and refractory hypertension.

^cMeeting regional referral criterion of age <50 years, albuminuria A3 and age 50–80 years, albumin-creatinine ratio >100 mg/mmol and age >80 years, or eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m² and age >80 years.

^dAdjusted for age at creatinine measurement, albuminuria category (no test, albuminuria A1, A2, A3), eGFR, history of referral, KDIGO criteria for referral, highest educational attainment, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignancy.