Table 3.
Authors |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
Pointsb |
Total Score (%) |
Methodological Quality |
Becker et al40 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | N | Y | Y | P | P | P | 16/22 | 72.7 | GQ |
Begizew et al37 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
Bovens et al16 | Y | P | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | N | P | N | N | Y | Y | 12/22 | 59.1 | MQ |
Buist et al18 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 23/26 | 88.5 | HQ |
Buist et al4 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 21/22 | 95.5 | HQ |
Buist et al17 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 21/22 | 95.5 | HQ |
Dallinga et al23 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | P | Y | P | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
Damsted et al45 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
Damsted et al44 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
Dijkhuis et al38 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | N | Y | Y | N/A | Y | P | 15/20 | 75.0 | GQ |
Fields et al24 | Y | P | P | P | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | P | N | N | P | Y | 11/22 | 50.0 | LQ |
Fokkema et al46 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Hamstra-Wright et al41 | Y | Y | P | P | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | Y | N | N/A | Y | N | N | 14/22 | 63.6 | MQ |
Hayes et al39 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | P | Y | N | Y | Y | 17/22 | 77.3 | GQ |
Hespanhol Junior et al26 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 21/22 | 95.5 | HQ |
Hespanhol Junior et al25 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | N | P | Y | P | Y | Y | 16/22 | 72.7 | GQ |
Hootman et al47 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | P | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Jakobsen et al27 | P | N | N | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | N | N | N | P | N | 6/22 | 27.3 | LQ |
Kemler et al48 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | P | Y | Y | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
Kluitenberg et al19 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Lehmann et al50 | P | N | N | P | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | N | Y | P | N | Y | Y | 10/22 | 45.5 | LQ |
Lun et al28 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | N | P | Y | P | P | 15/22 | 68.2 | MQ |
Lysholm et al36 | N | P | N | P | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | P | N | P | N | 8/22 | 36.5 | LQ |
Malisoux et al34 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Messier et al29 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | Y | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Nielsen et al20 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 21/22 | 95.5 | HQ |
Nielsen et al21 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | P | Y | Y | Y | P | P | 18/22 | 81.8 | HQ |
Pollock et al22 | Y | P | P | N | P | N | N/A | P | P | Y | P | N | Y | Y | 14/26 | 53.9 | MQ |
Ramskov et al30 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | Y | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 25/26 | 96.2 | HQ |
Taunton et al31 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
van der Worp et al35 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
van Middelkoop et al32 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | P | 19/22 | 86.4 | HQ |
van Poppel et al33 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | Y | Y | N | P | P | 17/22 | 77.3 | GQ |
Walter et al42 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | P | Y | P | Y | P | Y | Y | 18/22 | 81.8 | HQ |
Wen et al49 | Y | Y | P | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | P | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 20/22 | 90.9 | HQ |
Winter et al43 | Y | P | Y | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | Y | P | N | Y | N | Y | P | 15/22 | 68.2 | MQ |
Abbreviations: GQ, good quality; HQ, high quality; LQ, low quality; MQ, moderate quality; N, no; N/A, not applicable; P, partial; Y, yes.
The Quality Assessment for Evaluating Primary Research Studies (QualSyst)13 contains the following items: Item 1, Description of study question/objective; Item 2, Appropriate study design for objective; Item 3, Description of subject selection strategy; Item 4, Description of subjects' characteristics; Item 5, Random allocation; Item 6, Blinding of investigators; Item 7, Blinding of participants; Item 8, Outcomes and exposures well-defined and robust; Item 9, Appropriate sample size; Item 10, Appropriate statistical analyses; Item 11, Estimates of variance; Item 12, Controlled for confounding; Item 13, Sufficiently reported results; Item 14, Results support conclusions. Scoring: Y = 2; P = 1; N = 0. The N/A items were excluded from the total score. Methodological quality: HQ = >80.0%; GQ = 65.0%–80.0%; MQ = 50.0%–64.9%; LQ = <50.0%.
Points scored/total possible points.