Table 3.
Comparison of socioeconomic and postnatal factors among children with and without ASD (confirmed or provisional diagnosis)
| Confirmed/provisional ASD N=47 |
N | No ASD N=253 |
N | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic factors | |||||
| Maternal post-secondary education completed* | 35 (76) | 46 | 184 (74) | 249 | 0.90 |
| Mother employed or student | 22 (48) | 46 | 141 (57) | 249 | 0.35 |
| Mother born in Canada | 26 (59) | 44 | 132 (53) | 247 | 0.60 |
| Single parent at birth | 3 (7) | 45 | 4 (2) | 233 | 0.09 |
| >1 adult at home at 18 months corrected age | 42 (91) | 46 | 222 (90) | 246 | 1.00 |
| >1 child at home at 18 months corrected age | 29 (63) | 46 | 140 (57) | 249 | 0.52 |
| Primary language English or French | 29 (64) | 45 | 180 (74) | 242 | 0.23 |
| Child exposed to >1 language | 31 (69) | 45 | 178 (74) | 236 | 0.64 |
| Postnatal factors | |||||
| Length of stay (days) | 117 [89;133] | 46 | 100 [76;125] | 251 | 0.08 |
| Postnatal systemic steroids | 22 (48) | 46 | 108 (43) | 250 | 0.67 |
| Severe neurological injury | 10 (22) | 46 | 33 (13) | 251 | 0.20 |
| Severe retinopathy of prematurity | 5 (11) | 44 | 30 (12) | 245 | 1.00 |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | 21 (46) | 46 | 88 (35) | 251 | 0.23 |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 6 (13) | 46 | 19 (8) | 251 | 0.25 |
| Late-onset sepsis | 19 (41) | 46 | 78 (31) | 251 | 0.23 |
Data presented as n (%) or median [IQR].
ASD Autism spectrum disorder.
Includes pre-university CÉGEP programs unique to the Quebec education system.