Table 4.
Comparison of 18-month corrected age follow-up outcomes among children with and without ASD (confirmed or provisional diagnosis)
| Confirmed/provisional ASD N=47 |
N | No ASD N=253 |
N | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurodevelopmental impairment* | 29 (69) | 42 | 95 (41) | 229 | <0.01 |
| Significant neurodevelopmental impairment | 22 (54) | 41 | 41 (18) | 228 | <0.01 |
| Cerebral palsy | 4 (10) | 40 | 13 (6) | 229 | 0.29 |
| Bayley III cognitive <70 | 5 (14) | 36 | 8 (5) | 170 | 0.05 |
| Bayley III cognitive score | 85 [70;95] | 36 | 95 [90;105] | 170 | <0.01 |
| Bayley III language <70 | 20 (56) | 36 | 28 (17) | 164 | <0.01 |
| Bayley III language score | 64 [56;81] | 36 | 89 [74;97] | 164 | <0.01 |
| Bayley III motor <70 | 9 (26) | 35 | 11 (7) | 167 | <0.01 |
| Bayley III motor score | 76 [68;91] | 35 | 94 [85;100] | 167 | <0.01 |
| Hearing loss† | 0 (0) | 40 | 4 (2) | 227 | 1.00 |
| Bilateral visual impairment | 0 (0) | 33 | 2 (1) | 155 | 1.00 |
| Age at most recent follow-up visit (years) | 4 [3;5] | 47 | 4 [3;5] | 253 | 0.33 |
Data presented as n (%) or median [IQR].
Bayley-III scores at 18 months corrected age were not available for all infants. Reasons for a missing score in one or more categories include: child was uncooperative during the evaluation, impairment was too severe for evaluation to be performed, child was absent at the 18-month corrected age visit, parents refused their child’s score to be collected in the Canadian Neonatal Follow-Up Network database.
ASD Autism spectrum disorder; Bayley-III Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition.
Neurodevelopmental impairment: one or more of the following conditions: motor, language or cognitive Bayley-III score <85, cerebral palsy with Gross Motor Function Classification Scale ≥ 1, unilateral or bilateral visual impairment, sensorineural or mixed hearing loss.
Hearing loss requiring hearing aids or cochlear implants.