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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 3.
Published in final edited form as: Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2020 Aug 12;58(1):42–53. doi: 10.1177/1055665620947987

Table 3.

CBCL differences between cases and controls by linear regression

Controls Cases (n = 89)
(n = 72) Unadjusted Adjusteda

ESb 95% CI p ESb 95% CI p
Composite Scales
Internalizing Problems Ref 0.19 −0.13 0.51 0.24 0.30 −0.04 0.64 0.08
Externalizing Problems Ref 0.07 −0.22 0.36 0.64 0.14 −0.15 0.44 0.34
Total Problems Ref 0.18 −0.13 0.48 0.26 0.29 −0.01 0.59 0.06
Subscales
Emotionally Reactive Ref 0.11 −0.22 0.43 0.52 0.27 −0.08 0.62 0.13
Anxious/Depressed Ref 0.27 −0.05 0.59 0.10 0.35 0.02 0.69 0.04
Somatic Complaints Ref 0.02 −0.31 0.36 0.88 0.11 −0.27 0.49 0.56
Withdrawn Ref 0.32 −0.06 0.70 0.11 0.24 −0.14 0.61 0.22
Sleep Problems Ref −0.02 −0.32 0.27 0.89 0.20 −0.11 0.51 0.20
Attention Problems Ref 0.06 −0.25 0.36 0.71 0.13 −0.18 0.44 0.42
Aggressive Behaviors Ref 0.04 −0.24 0.33 0.76 0.11 −0.19 0.42 0.47
Stress Problems Ref 0.26 −0.07 0.59 0.13 0.40 0.03 0.77 0.04
Depressive Problems Ref 0.20 −0.13 0.52 0.24 0.18 −0.15 0.50 0.29
Anxiety Problems Ref 0.18 −0.12 0.49 0.23 0.34 0.02 0.65 0.04
Autism Spectrum Problems Ref 0.38 0.06 0.71 0.02 0.41 0.07 0.76 0.02
ADHD Problems Ref 0.07 −0.22 0.36 0.62 0.14 −0.15 0.43 0.34
Oppositional Defiant Problems Ref 0.14 −0.16 0.44 0.36 0.27 −0.05 0.59 0.10
a

Adjusted for age at (continuous months), sex, SES (continuous), study site, race (white vs. non-white), language (any Spanish vs. only English)

b

standardized effect size