Table 3.
Allergic contact dermatitis to vitamins reported in literature
| Name | Cases | Vehicle and concentrations | Peculiar clinical manifestations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B1 | Thiamine | 3 | Pure thiamine (20,32)a | |
| 1 | 0.1% aq (32) | |||
| 2 | 1% aq (19, 32) | |||
| 1 | 5% aq (19) | |||
| 2 | 10% aq (19, 32) | |||
| TPP | 1 | 10% aq (32) | ||
| 1 | 1% aq (32) | |||
| Thiamine hydrochloride | 2 | 10% aq (19, 21)a | Systemic allergy | |
| Vitamin B3 | Benzyl nicotinate | 1 | 2.5% pet (33) | |
| 1 | 1% aq (35) | Burning mouth syndrome | ||
| Butoxyethyl nicotinate | 1 | 0.1% pet (34) | ||
| 1 | 1% pet (34) | |||
| 1 | 2.5% pet (33) | |||
| Propyl nicotinate | 1 | 1% aq (35) | ||
| Vitamin B5 | Panthenyl ethyl ether | 2 | 30% pet (38, 48) | |
| Panthenol | 26 | 5% pet (23, 42, 46, 48) | ||
| 1 | 30% pet (8)b | Contact urticaria | ||
| Panthenol cream | 1 | ND (44) | ||
| d‐panthenol 75 W | 1 | 30% aq (43) | ||
| dexpanthenol | 1 | 0.5% aq (41) | ||
| 1 | 5% aq (40) | |||
| 29 | 5% pet (22, 25, 44, 47) | |||
| Calcium panthotenate | 1 | 5% pet (49) | ||
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine hydrochloride | 1 | 1% pet (55)b | |
| 1 | 10% pet (55)b | |||
| Pyridoxine | 1 | ND (53) | ||
| 1 | 1% HCl (52) | |||
| 2 | 1% pet (56)b | |||
| 2 | 5% pet (56)b | |||
| Pyridoxal | 1 | 1% HCl (52) | ||
| 1 | 1% PO4 (52) | |||
| Vitamin B7 | (3aS,6aR) hexahydro‐1,3‐dibenzyl‐6‐hydroxyfurano[3,4‐d]imidazol‐2,4‐dione | 1 | 0.1% pet (16) | |
| 1 | 0.5% pet (16) | |||
| 1 | 1% pet (16) | |||
| 1 | 5% pet (16) | |||
| 1 | 10% pet (16) | |||
| Vitamin B12 | Vitamin B12 | 1 | 10% pet (59)a | |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid | 1 | Undiluted (30) | |
| 1 | 5% aq (61) | |||
| 3‐O‐ethyl‐l‐ascorbic acid | 1 | 0.05% pet (62) | ||
| 1 | 0,1% pet (62) | |||
| 1 | 0.5% pet (62) | |||
| 1 | 1% pet (62) | |||
| 2 | 5% pet (62, 66) | |||
| 1 | 1% aq (64) | |||
| 1 | 10% aq (65) | |||
| Vitamin A | All‐trans retinoic acid | 2 | 0.01 pet/alchohol/gel (71) | |
| 2 | 0.05% pet (commercial cream) (71) | |||
| 2 | 0.00625 diluted with ethyl alcohol (commercial lotion) (71) | |||
| Vitamin A acid | 3 | cream ND (72) | ||
| 2 | cream (Roche) (72) | |||
| 1 | 0.05% soft paraffin (72) | |||
| 3 | 0.05% abs alcohol (72) | |||
| 3 | 0.005% abs alcohol (72) | |||
| Retinoic acid | 3 | Cream ND (72) | ||
| 1 | 0.02% in ethyl alcohol (76) | |||
| 1 | 0.01% in ethyl alcohol (76) | |||
| 1 | 0.02% in acetone (76) | |||
| 1 | 0.01% in acetone (76) | |||
| Retin‐A liquid | 1 | 0.025% in ethyl alcohol (76) | ||
| 1 | 0.0065% in ethyl alcohol (76) | |||
| Tretinoin | 1 | 0.05% pet (73) | ||
| 1 | 0.05% eth (73) | |||
| Retrieve cream® | 1 | “as is” (75) | ||
| Glaan cream® | 1 | “as is” (78) | ||
| Retinol palmitate | 1 | 1% MEK (78) | ||
| 1 | 10% MEK (78) | |||
| 1 | 5% pet (79) | |||
| 1 | 5% PCL (79) | |||
| Vitamin A | 1 | 200,000 IU/100 g (80) | ||
| Vitamin A acetate | 1 | 0.1% pet (17) | ||
| 1 | 0.5% pet (17) | |||
| 1 | 1% pet (17) | |||
| 1 | 5% pet (17) | |||
| 1 | 10% pet (17) | |||
| Vitamin D | Tacalcitol | 1 | Ointment (83) | |
| 1 | 0.0002% eth (83) | |||
| Calcitriol | 1 | 0,0002% eth (83) | ||
| Psorcutan® Salbe | 1 | “as is” (84) | ||
| Calcipotriol | 1 | 0.08 μg/ml in isopropyl alcohol (84) | ||
| 1 | 0.4 μg/ml in isopropyl alcohol (84) | |||
| 1 | 0.2 μg/ml in isopropyl alcohol (84) | |||
| 1 | 10 μg/ml in isopropyl alcohol (84) | |||
| 1 | 50.0 μg/ml in isopropyl alcohol (84) | |||
| 3 | Ointment “as is” (85) | |||
| 3 | 50 μg/ml in isopropranolol (85) | |||
| 3 | 10 μg/ml in isopropranolol (85) | |||
| 2 | 5 μg/ml in isopropranolol (85) | |||
| 1 | 2 μg/ml in isopropranolol (85) | |||
| 1 | 0.4 μg/ml in isopropranolol (85) | |||
| 1 | 50 μg/ml in pet (85) | |||
| 1 | 10 μg/ml in pet (85) | |||
| 1 | 5 μg/ml in pet (85) | |||
| Vitamin E | Glaan cream® as is | 1 | “as is” (78) | |
| Vitamin E | 1 | “pure” at 2,5% (80) | ||
| 1 | Pure vitamin E oil formulation 1 (91) | |||
| 1 | Pure vitamin E oil formulation 1 (91) | |||
| Tocopheryl acetate | 5 | 10% pet (78, 94) | ||
| 1 | 20% pet (78) | |||
| Tocopheryl acetate nicotinate | 1 | 1% pet (93) | ||
| Alpha‐tocopherol | 2 | “as is” (88, 92) | ||
| Tocopherol acetate | 1 | 1% aq (98) | Systemic allergy | |
| 1 | 0.25% pet (99) | Systemic allergy | ||
| 0.5% pet (99) | ||||
| 5% pet (100) | ||||
| ϒ‐tocopherol | 1 | 0.002% ϒ‐tocopherol skin lotion (100) | ||
| Tocopherol | 1 | 10% pet (9) | ||
| 1 | “as is” (18) | Atopic dermatisi‐like ACD | ||
| dl‐alpha‐tocopherol nicotinate | 1 | 0.1% pet (106) | ||
| Vitamin K | Vitamin K1 | 1 | 1% pet (110) | |
| 1 | 10% pet (110) | |||
| 2 | 1 mg/ml aq (111) | |||
| 1 | Eye contour cream “as is” (116) | |||
| 1 | Konakion (14)b | |||
| Vitamin K1 oxide | 2 | 1% pet (115) | ||
| 2 | 5% pet (15) | Erythema‐multiforme like ACD | ||
| Phytonadione epoxide | 1 | 1% pet (116) | ||
| 1 | 5% pet (116) | |||
| 1 | Martiderm® cream “as is” (116) | |||
| Vitamin K3 sodium bisulfite | 2 | 0.1% aq (117) | ||
| 1 | 1% aq (117) | |||
| 1 | 0.1% pet (119) | |||
| 1 | 0.01% pet (119) | |||
a
Occupational exposure.
b
Negative PT and positive photo‐PT.