Table 1:
Characteristics of hemodynamic stable patients with penetrating injuries to the precordial region who underwent a SPW
| Characteristics | Total of patients (n = 183) | Positive SPW | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 27.8 (11.4) | 26.4 (10.5) | 0.390 |
| Median (IQR) | 25 (20–32) | 24 (20–29) | |
| Sex | |||
| Males, n (%) | 176 (96.2) | 41 (23.3) | 0.352 |
| Females, n (%) | 7 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Mechanism | |||
| Stab/knife, n (%) | 99 (54.1) | 29 (29.3) | 0.015 |
| Firearm, n (%) | 84 (45.9) | 12 (14.3) | |
| Number and location of injuries | |||
| Single precordial injury, n (%) | 131 (71.6) | 36 (27.5) | 0.001 |
| Single injury in other location, n (%) | 13 (7.1) | 4 (30.8) | |
| Multiple injuries, n (%) | 39 (21.3) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Systolic BP | |||
| Mean (SD) | 91.0 (28.4) | 79.5 (25.6) | 0.002 |
| Median (IQR) | 80 (80–110) | 80 (70–85) | |
| Physiological index | |||
| Stable, n (%) | 93 (50.8) | 12 (12.9) | 0.003 |
| Systolic BP <80 mm Hg and conscious, n (%) | 79 (43.2) | 27 (34.2) | |
| Thready pulse, no measurable BP, and semiconscious, n (%) | 11 (6.0) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Pericardial tamponade | |||
| Yes, n (%) | 47 (25.7) | 25 (53.2) | <0.001 |
| No, n (%) | 136 (74.3) | 16 (11.8) | |
| SPW | |||
| Positive, n (%) | 41 (22.4) | — | — |
SPW: subxiphoid pericardial window; SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; BP: blood pressure.
Ellipses indicate not applicable