Table 2.
Multivariable logistic regression.
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.01 | 1.00-1.02 | 0.105 |
| Gender (female) | 1.28 | 1.06-1.55 | 0.011 |
| Race | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | Ref | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 1.15 | 0.91-1.45 | 0.249 |
| Mexican American | 1.02 | 0.81-1.28 | 0.889 |
| Others | 0.91 | 0.65-1.26 | 0.563 |
| Education | |||
| Below high school | Ref | ||
| High school | 1.06 | 0.86-1.31 | 0.588 |
| Above high school | 0.95 | 0.78-1.15 | 0.598 |
| Hypertension (yes) | 1.11 | 0.95-1.31 | 0.198 |
| Diabetes (yes) | 0.91 | 0.73-1.12 | 0.376 |
| Pain elsewhere (yes) | 4.64 | 3.98-5.43 | < 0.001 |
| Moderate activity (yes) | 1.04 | 0.89-1.22 | 0.617 |
| Vigorous activity (yes) | 0.90 | 0.72-1.12 | 0.338 |
| Smoking (yes) | 1.12 | 0.96-1.31 | 0.158 |
| Drinking (yes) | 0.86 | 0.70-1.05 | 0.152 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.05 | 1.02-1.08 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference | 1.00 | 0.99-1.02 | 0.471 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 1.01 | 0.98-1.04 | 0.584 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 0.99 | 0.85-1.15 | 0.850 |
| Total calcium (mg/dL) | 1.01 | 0.82-1.24 | 0.927 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 1.00 | 1.00-1.00 | 0.470 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 1.00 | 1.00-1.00 | 0.674 |
| Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 1.00 | 0.99-1.00 | 0.438 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 1.00 | 1.00-1.01 | 0.457 |
BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.