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. 2022 Jun 9;251(10):1711–1727. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.501

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© 2022 The Authors. Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association for Anatomy.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Mandibles exhibit dosage sensitivity and directional asymmetry. (A) Neonatal skulls (left) and isolated dentary bones (right) differentially stained for bone (red) and cartilage (blue). Representative images are shown for Fgf8 ^+/+ (WT), Fgf8 ^Neo/+, Fgf8 ^Δ/+, Fgf8 ^Neo/Neo, and Fgf8 ^Δ/Neo neonates. Right (R) and left (L) sides of the dentary are shown for the two mutant genotypes. (B) The length (left) of isolated dentaries were measured using arbitrary units and symmetry (right) was determined by subtracting the length of the right side from the length of the left side for each individual. (C, D) Isolated limb bones from Fgf8 ^Neo/+ and Fgf8 ^Neo/Neo neonatal mice were measured for length (left) and symmetry (right). n = 9 per genotype. 1 mm scale bars are shown for each respective column in (A)