Table 3.
Between-person associations between emotion regulation, negative affect, and dysregulated eating
| DERS total score | Mean Emotion Regulation Strategy Use | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Emotional Eating | |||||||||
| β | SE | p | 95% CI | β | SE | p | 95% CI | ||
| Intercept | −.06 | .05 | .269 | −.16, .04 | Intercept | −.08 | .05 | .133 | −.18, .02 |
| NA | .43 | .06 | <.001 | .32, .54 | NA | .39 | .06 | <.001 | .26, .52 |
| DERS | .05 | .05 | .370 | −.06, .15 | Mean maladaptive | .04 | .06 | .434 | −.07, .15 |
| NA × DERS | .03 | .03 | .400 | −.04, .09 | Mean adaptive | .09 | .05 | .057 | −.003, .19 |
| Age | −.02 | .05 | .652 | −.11, .07 | NA × mean maladaptive | .05 | .04 | .145 | −.02, .12 |
| NA × mean adaptive | .06 | .04 | .141 | −.02, .14 | |||||
| Age | −.008 | .05 | .852 | −.10, .08 | |||||
| MEBS Binge Eating | |||||||||
| β | SE | p | 95% CI | β | SE | p | 95% CI | ||
| Intercept | .06 | .06 | .350 | −.07, .19 | Intercept | .06 | .07 | .384 | −.07, .19 |
| NA | .09 | .07 | .181 | −.04, .23 | NA | .16 | .08 | .050 | .0003, .31 |
| DERS | .18 | .06 | .004 | .06, .31 | Mean maladaptive | .10 | .07 | .154 | −.04, .23 |
| NA × DERS | −.004 | .04 | .918 | −.08, .07 | Mean adaptive | −.10 | .06 | .117 | −.21, .02 |
| Age | −.008 | .06 | .886 | −.12, .11 | NA × mean maladaptive | −.001 | .04 | .978 | −.09, .08 |
| NA × mean adaptive | −.07 | .05 | .190 | −.17, .03 | |||||
| Age | −.001 | .06 | .982 | −.11, .11 | |||||
| Odds of Any OBEs | |||||||||
| OR | SE | p | 95% CI | OR | SE | p | 95% CI | ||
| Intercept | .33 | .08 | <.001 | .20, .54 | Intercept | .30 | .08 | <.001 | .18, .50 |
| NA | 1.32 | .29 | .212 | .85, 2.04 | NA | 1.24 | .32 | .398 | .75, 2.05 |
| DERS | 1.61 | .33 | .020 | 1.08, 2.40 | Mean maladaptive | 1.31 | .29 | .208 | .86, 2.01 |
| NA × DERS | .83 | .10 | .132 | .65, 1.06 | Mean adaptive | .86 | .17 | .456 | .59, 1.27 |
| Age | 1.31 | .27 | .179 | .88, 1.95 | NA × mean maladaptive | .91 | .13 | .502 | .68, 1.20 |
| NA × mean adaptive | 1.29 | .22 | .142 | .92, 1.82 | |||||
| Age | 1.29 | .25 | .197 | .88, 1.90 | |||||
| Number of Days with OBEs | |||||||||
| IRR | SE | p | 95% CI | IRR | SE | p | 95% CI | ||
| Intercept | .51 | .16 | .034 | .28, .95 | Intercept | .53 | .18 | .055 | .27, 1.01 |
| NA | 1.21 | .26 | .370 | .80, 1.85 | NA | 1.25 | .31 | .371 | .77, 2.02 |
| DERS | 1.59 | .31 | .017 | 1.09, 2.33 | Mean maladaptive | 1.59 | .31 | .019 | 1.08, 2.34 |
| NA × DERS | .91 | .12 | .441 | .71, 1.16 | Mean adaptive | .68 | .13 | .044 | .47, .99 |
| Age | 1.12 | .21 | .566 | .77, 1.62 | NA × mean maladaptive | .88 | .12 | .350 | .67, 1.15 |
| NA × mean adaptive | 1.24 | .21 | .206 | .89, 1.72 | |||||
| Age | 1.10 | .20 | .613 | .77, 1.56 | |||||
Note: Outcomes are the Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey (MEBS) binge-eating subscale (log transformed), mean emotional eating on the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire across the 49 days of the study (log transformed), odds of reporting objective binge eating (OBEs) on any day of the study, and number of days reporting OBEs during the study. NA = average negative affect on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule across the study; DERS = total score on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale; mean maladaptive = average use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (rumination, self-criticism of emotions, and expressive suppression) across the study; mean adaptive = average use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, situation modification, acceptance of emotions, and social sharing) across the study; OR = odds ratio; IRR = incidence-rate ratio. Effects significant at p < .05 are bolded.