Fig. 2. Inter-individual gene expression heterogeneity changes with age for a subset of tissues.

a Hypothesized age-associated changes in gene expression heterogeneity (top) and our approach for quantifying the inter-individual expression distance with age using the Jensen Shannon Divergence metric (JSD) for age-binned individuals (bottom). b The distributions of JSD distances for four example tissues in old and young bins. Red points show the means for each group. Cloud plots show individual pairwise distances and half violin plots show distributions. c Consistency of measuring the average age-associated change in gene expression heterogeneity across a tissue using a binary binning strategy (y-axis, JSD_old-JSD_young) or a 6 bin strategy (x-axis, slope of JSD across 6 age bins). R indicates Pearson correlation value. d The relationship between gene expression heterogeneity and the difference in expression heritability between old and young individuals. R and p-value are obtained from two-sided Pearson correlation test.