Table 2.
Exposures to COVID-19 Individuals, Infection Control and Prevention Practices, and Vaccination Status of High-Risk Caregivers by Infection Status
| Variable | Cases (N = 2,046), No. (%) |
Controls (N = 1,362), (No. (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Exposures to COVID-19 | ||
| Household exposure to COVID-19 | 176 (8.6) | 38 (2.8) |
| Workplace exposure to COVID-19 patients | 1,365 (66.7) | 587 (43.1) |
| In a unit exclusive for COVID-19 patients | 577 (28.2) | 180 (13.2) |
| In a unit nonexclusive for COVID-19 patients | 709 (34.7) | 372 (27.3 |
| Outside a care unit (ambulatory patients) | 79 (3.9) | 35 (2.6) |
| Workplace exposure to COVID-19 coworkers | 1170 (57.2) | 475 (34.9) |
| Infection prevention and control measures | ||
| IPC training since the beginning of the pandemic | ||
| None | 45 (2.2) | 35 (2.6) |
| Only written recommendations | 189 (9.2) | 188 (13.8) |
| Any type of training | 1,812 (88.6) | 1,139 (83.6) |
| Practical training on PPE use | 1,605 (78.5) | 917 (67.3) |
| Always workplace masking | 1,946 (95.1) | 1,269 (93.2) |
| Always physical distancing if mask is not worn | 1,154 (56.4) | 712 (52.3) |
| Always hand washing after patient contact (among 2,014 cases and 1,274 controls) a | 1,893 (94.0) | 1,170 (91.8) |
| Always mask (medical mask or N95 respirator) use during contacts with non–COVID-19 patients (among 2,014 cases and 1,274 controls) a | 1,735 (86.1) | 1,118 (87.8) |
| Mask use during non-AGMP contacts with COVID-19 patients (among 1,365 cases and 587 controls) a | ||
| Not always mask | 84 (6.2) | 56 (9.5) |
| Medical mask | 1,154 (84.5) | 415 (70.7) |
| N95 respirator always or most of the time | 127 (9.3) | 116 (19.8) |
| Mask use during AGMP contacts with COVID-19 patients (among 186 cases and 173 controls) a | ||
| Not always mask | 18 (9.7) | 8 (4.6) |
| Medical mask | 53 (28.5) | 30 (17.3) |
| N95 respirator always or most of the time | 115 (61.8) | 135 (78.0) |
| Vaccination against COVID-19 | ||
| Unvaccinated | 1,755 (85.8) | 864 (63.4) |
| 1 dose 0–13 d before testing | 148 (7.2) | 112 (8.2) |
| 1 dose ≥14 d before testing | 136 (6.7) | 303 (22.3) |
| 2 doses 0–6 d before testing | 5 (0.2) | 27 (2.0) |
| 2 doses ≥7 d before testing | 2 (0.1) | 56 (4.1) |
Note. AGMP, aerosol-generating medical procedures; IPC, infection prevention and control; PPE, personal protective equipment.
a
Among cases and controls with the specified exposure (contact with patients, contact with COVID-19 patients, or AGMP contact with COVID-19 patients).