Table 3.
Multivariate Model of the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Exposure, Infection Control and Prevention Practices and Vaccination Status Among High-Risk Caregivers
| Variable | Odds Ratio of SARS-CoV-2 Infection | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uOR | 95% CI | aOR a | 95% CI | |
| Household exposure to COVID-19 | 3.3 | 2.3–4.7 | 7.8 | 5.2–11.8 |
| Workplace exposure to COVID-19 patients | 2.6 | 2.3–3.1 | 2.7 | 2.2–3.3 |
| Workplace exposure to COVID-19 coworkers | 3.3 | 2.8–3.9 | 2.2 | 1.8–2.7 |
| IPC training | ||||
| None | Ref | Ref | ||
| Only written recommendations | 0.8 | 0.5–1.3 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.2 |
| Any type of training | 1.2 | 0.8–1.9 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.6 |
| Hand washing after patient contact | ||||
| Sometimes/Never | Ref | Ref | ||
| Most of the time | 0.7 | 0.2–1.9 | 0.7 | 0.2–2.5 |
| Always | 1.0 | 0.4–2.7 | 0.8 | 0.2–2.5 |
| Workplace masking | ||||
| Sometimes/Never | Ref | Ref | ||
| Most of the time | 0.7 | 0.4–1.6 | 1.2 | 0.5–2.9 |
| Always | 1.1 | 0.6–2.3 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.7 |
| Physical distancing | ||||
| Sometimes/Never | Ref | Ref | ||
| Most of the time | 0.9 | 0.7–1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9–1.4 |
| Always | 1.1 | 0.9–1.3 | 1.4 | 1.1–1.8 |
| Mask use during contact with non–COVID-19 patients | ||||
| Not always | Ref | Ref | ||
| Always | 1.1 | 0.9–1.5 | 1.0 | 0.7–1.4 |
| Mask use during non-AGMP contact with COVID-19 patients | ||||
| Medical mask | Ref | Ref | ||
| N95 respirator always or most of the time | 0.7 | 0.5–0.9 | 0.7 | 0.5–0.9 |
| Mask use during AGMP contact with COVID-19 patients | ||||
| Medical mask | Ref | Ref | ||
| N95 respirator always or most of the time | 0.5 | 0.3–0.8 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.2 |
| Vaccination against COVID-19 | ||||
| None | Ref | Ref | ||
| 1 dose 0–13 d before testing | 0.6 | 0.5–0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5–0.9 |
| ≥1 dose ≥14 d before testing | 0.2 | 0.1–0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2–0.3 |
Note. AGMP, aerosol-generating medical procedures; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; IPC, infection prevention and control; ref, reference category; uOR, unadjusted odds ratio. COVID-19 patients are those with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
a
Logistic regression model adjusted for sex, age, born abroad, race/ethnicity, native language, type of employment, department, type of facility, health region and all other presented exposures, IPC practices, and vaccination status.