Table 1.

Deuterium-labelled fumarate, malate, and water concentrations measured in the indicated tumor extracts and in extracts of the corresponding contralateral hemisphere using ²H NMR.

	Untreated		Treated
	Concentrations of deuterated species (μmol/g)
	[2,3-2H2]fumarate	[2,3-2H2]malate	[2,3-2H2]fumarate	[2,3-2H2]malate
A11 Tumor	5.06 ± 1.12	0.09 ± 0.23	4.79 ± 1.75	0.45 ± 0.41
CTL	0.83 ± 0.35	0.11 ± 0.07	1.04 ± 0.53	0.19 ± 0.12
S2 Tumor	5.16 ± 1.56	0.12 ± 0.09	5.47 ± 2.02	1.02 ± 0.33
CTL	0.62 ± 0.23	n.d.	1.41 ± 0.31	0.27 ± 0.11

	Concentrations of protonated species (μmol/g)
	Fumarate	Malate	Fumarate	Malate
A11 Tumor	1.81 ± 0.82	0.31 ± 0.16	1.76 ± 1.72	0.81 ± 0.17
CTL	0.52 ± 0.31	0.16 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.14	0.19 ± 0.06
S2 Tumor	1.63 ± 0.25	0.40 ± 0.17	1.87 ± 1.13	1.29 ± 0.24
CTL	0.45 ± 11	0.36 ± 0.09	0.77 ± 0.26	0.25 ± 0.21

The concentrations of the protonated species were measured using ¹H NMR. The protonated malate concentration was corrected for background signal at ∼2.4 ppm, which was determined by acquiring spectra from mice that had not been injected with [2,3-²H₂]fumarate prior to tissue collection. For [2,3-²H₂]malate this was based on the upfield ²H resonance at 2.4 ppm, the downfield resonance was not resolved from the water resonance. The tissues were extracted at 20 min after intravenous injection of [2,3-²H₂]fumarate. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3).

Abbreviation: CTL, contralateral hemisphere; n.d., not detected.