Table 1.
Potential body fluid Protein Biomarkers of COVID-19.
| Matrix | Platform | Biomarker | Potential | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | TMT 11-plex and LC-MS/MS, ELISA | ORM1, ORM2, S100A9, SERPINA3, PI16, LCP1, FETUB, AZGP1, CRP, CFI, CETP | Distinguished and predicted COVID-19 results | 37 |
| Serum | TMTpro (16plex) and UPLC-MS/MS | SAA2, ALB, CRP, SAA1, HABP2, HP, SERPINA10, CPN1, F5, SERPING1, SERPINA3, LUM, LRG1, ITIH3, CLEC3B, LBP, PGLYRP2, CFB, C6, LCP1, OAF, C9 | Disease severity evaluation | 38 |
| Serum and plasma | A redesigned high-throughput MS platform | A1BG, ACTB, ACTG1, ALB, APOA1, APOC1, C1R, C1S, C8A, CD14, CFB, CFH, CFI, CRP, FGA, FGB, FGG, GSN, HP, ITIH3, ITIH4, LBP, LGALS3BP, LRG1, SAA1, SAA1, SAA2, SERPINA10, TF | Disease severity evaluation | 60 |
| Serum | SWATH-MS | SELENOP and PON1, CBP2, PZP | predictive value for disease recovery, severity and symptomatology | 61 |
| Plasma | LC-MS/MS SWATH | suPAR | Clinical outcomes stratification in severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS | 62 |
| Plasma | PEA, Olink | ADM, IL-6, MCP-3, TRAIL-R2, PD-L1 | Prediction of COVID-19 Death Outcomes | 63 |
| Urine | TIMS-TOF MS with PASEF | MT1G, LPL, β2M, PRKACA, FOLR2, APOA4, IGLV3-25, EEF1A1 | potential diagnostic markers | 64 |
| Urine and Serum | PRM-based targeted MS | IGF1, SAA1, FBLN5, APMAP, F9, SERPINA3, VWF, LEAP2, IGFBP3, IL1R2, TKT, VSIG4, IL6R, ALB, IGFBP2, RNASE4, MRC1, AGT, CR2, SHH | classifying and predicting COVID-19 severity | 65 |