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. 2022 Sep 20;13:1003953. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1003953

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Copyright © 2022 Ai, Wu, Li and Hou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Summary of the contribution of genes function in Cd homeostasis. Cd accumulation in plants is first through root absorption, storage in root vacuoles, xylem loading, xylem to phloem transfer and redistribution. Cd is uptake by rice root in soil. OsNramp1, OsNramp5, OsCd1, and OsITR1/2 are suggested to mediate this process. OsHMA3 and OsABCB9 are response for Cd sequestration into vacuoles in root. OsHMA2 and OsCAL1 contributes to the loading process of Cd into xylem in root. OsLCT1/2, OsHMA2, OsZIP3/7 and OsCAL1 are responsible for intervascular Cd transfer at nodes. Co-expression of OsLCT1-OsHMA2-OsZIP3 could reduce the redistribution of Cd in grains.