Table 5.
Estimated results of the multiple–step, multiple mediator model.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grandparenting time | Remittance | SRH | IADL | Physical activity ability | CES–D | SWB | |
| Migration | 0.191* | 0.202*** | 0.468*** | 0.476*** | −0.001 | 0.674*** | 1.477*** |
| (0.099) | (0.037) | (0.022) | (0.065) | (0.733) | (0.075) | (0.100) | |
| Grandparenting time | 0.903*** | −0.024** | −0.068* | −0.241*** | 0.205*** | −0.371*** | |
| (0.123) | (0.010) | (0.041) | (0.048) | (0.045) | (0. 066) | ||
| Remittance | 0.039* | 0.630*** | 0.813*** | −0.883*** | 1.081*** | ||
| (0.022) | (0.079) | (0.098) | (0.089) | (0.142) | |||
| Independent variables | Control | ||||||
| Observations | 28,540 | 28,540 | 27,942 | 28,533 | 28,523 | 28,519 | 27,935 |
| χ2 value of the overidentification test | 0.162 | 6.924 | 46.490 | 10.557 | 32.672 | 32.710 | 157.258 |
| P–value of the overidentification test | 0.686 | 0.999 | 0.973 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.895 | 0.001 |
***
p < 0.01,
**
p < 0.05, and
*
p < 0.1. Robust standard errors are in parentheses. Control variables included the three types of variables mentioned above: parental characteristics, children and family characteristics, and village–level characteristics, as well as year dummy variables and province dummy variables.