TABLE 2.
The activities of antioxidant defense of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots and shoots under drought stress.
| Treatment | Loc | NMF + DS | AMF + DS | NMF + WW | AMF + WW | P AMF | P DS | PAMF×DS |
| SOD (U min–1 mg–1 protein) | Root | 17.76 ± 0.72b | 33.23 ± 2.33a | 14.69 ± 0.55c | 16.46 ± 0.57bc | *** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 22.64 ± 2.95B | 27.84 ± 1.45A | 12.29 ± 2.06C | 12.44 ± 1.04C | ** | *** | ** | |
| PX (U min–1 mg–1 protein) | Root | 17.84 ± 0.91b | 25.23 ± 2.39a | 14.31 ± 0.63c | 12.52 ± 1.64c | ** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 2.70 ± 0.34AB | 3.38 ± 0.47A | 2.36 ± 0.51B | 3.10 ± 0.56AB | * | NS | NS | |
| CAT (U mg–1 protein) | Root | 2.05 ± 0.31b | 2.59 ± 0.26a | 1.99 ± 0.35bc | 1.36 ± 0.29c | NS | *** | ** |
| Leaf | 17.92 ± 1.38B | 21.78 ± 1.65A | 6.63 ± 0.82C | 5.20 ± 0.74C | NS | *** | ** | |
| APX (U mg–1 protein) | Root | 19.63 ± 1.95a | 22.58 ± 2.45a | 7.52 ± 0.96c | 13.79 ± 1.53b | *** | *** | NS |
| Leaf | 15.41 ± 1.63B | 18.41 ± 1.78A | 9.37 ± 1.02C | 13.73 ± 1.68B | ** | *** | NS | |
| GPX (U min–1mg–1 protein) | Root | 50.15 ± 2.78b | 83.65 ± 6.13a | 43.06 ± 2.82c | 30.39 ± 2.58d | *** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 42.67 ± 2.09B | 48.14 ± 2.31A | 35.93 ± 2.08C | 41.40 ± 3.16B | ** | *** | NS | |
| GR (U mg–1 protein) | Root | 19.39 ± 1.38b | 29.01 ± 1.69a | 16.98 ± 0.89c | 14.97 ± 0.92d | *** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 21.33 ± 1.05A | 22.53 ± 0.90A | 16.58 ± 1.28B | 18.36 ± 1.57B | * | *** | NS | |
| MDAR (U mg–1 protein) | Root | 3.49 ± 0.59b | 6.30 ± 0.44a | 1.33 ± 0.09d | 1.97 ± 0.35c | *** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 7.20 ± 0.86B | 8.61 ± 0.73A | 5.20 ± 0.47C | 4.72 ± 0.24C | NS | *** | * | |
| DHAR (U mg–1 protein) | Root | 12.81 ± 1.27b | 29.66 ± 2.88a | 11.22 ± 0.72b | 12.52 ± 0.84b | *** | *** | *** |
| Leaf | 1.99 ± 0.74B | 3.82 ± 0.75A | 1.55 ± 0.22B | 2.20 ± 0.29B | ** | ** | NS | |
| AsA (μg g–1 FW) | Root | 24.31 ± 1.24c | 31.16 ± 4.44b | 34.98 ± 2.30b | 47.90 ± 6.18a | *** | *** | NS |
| Leaf | 62.58 ± 8.82C | 73.98 ± 11.16BC | 90.71 ± 7.63A | 78.22 ± 6.60AB | NS | ** | * | |
| DHA (μg g–1 FW) | Root | 94.97 ± 6.03a | 70.57 ± 7.41c | 72.47 ± 4.00bc | 83.88 ± 11.85ab | NS | NS | ** |
| Leaf | 125.86 ± 9.61B | 171.20 ± 17.34A | 138.94 ± 17.21B | 169.77 ± 15.58A | *** | NS | NS | |
| GSH (μg g–1 FW) | Root | 0.71 ± 0.05b | 1.80 ± 0.26a | 0.69 ± 0.08b | 1.77 ± 0.31a | *** | NS | NS |
| Leaf | 1.41 ± 0.14B | 1.76 ± 0.22AB | 1.50 ± 0.24B | 2.12 ± 0.37A | NS | NS | ** | |
| GSSG (μg g–1 FW) | Root | 1.51 ± 0.07a | 0.71 ± 0.16b | 0.68 ± 0.10b | 1.41 ± 0.13a | NS | NS | *** |
| Leaf | 1.70 ± 0.24A | 1.43 ± 0.09AB | 1.32 ± 0.24B | 0.89 ± 0.11C | ** | *** | NS | |
| AsA/DHA | Root | 0.26 ± 0.03c | 0.44 ± 0.02b | 0.48 ± 0.09b | 0.57 ± 0.04a | *** | *** | ** |
| Leaf | 0.50 ± 0.05B | 0.43 ± 0.04B | 0.66 ± 0.13A | 0.46 ± 0.03B | ** | * | NS | |
| GSH/GSSG | Root | 0.47 ± 0.04c | 2.64 ± 0.75a | 1.03 ± 0.13bc | 1.25 ± 0.11b | *** | NS | *** |
| Leaf | 1.23 ± 0.22B | 0.85 ± 0.78B | 1.16 ± 0.26B | 2.44 ± 0.66A | ** | ** | ** |
The data are the means ± standard deviation (n = 4). Different small and capital letters indicate significant differences among the means by Duncan’s test (P < 0.05), Significant effect of two-way ANOVA: *0.01 < P < 0.05, **0.001 < P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, NS, no significant effect. Loc indicate location, NMF + DS indicate non-inoculated AMF in drought stress treatment, NMF + WW indicate non-inoculated AMF in well-watered treatment, AMF + DS indicate AMF inoculation in drought stress treatment, AMF + WW indicate AMF inoculation in well-watered treatment.