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After summarizing the literature included in this paper, it was found that the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine are not completely independent. Its effect on Nrf2 signaling pathway can reduce inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and protect BBB by inhibiting ROS generation. Additionally, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays an important role in alleviating autophagy and protecting the BBB.
