Table. 1 |.
Clinical characteristics of subjects included in the study cohorts.
| Late DKD cohorts | Early DKD cohorts | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Joslin | Joslin | Joslin | Pima | Pima |
| T1D Discovery cohort | T2D Replication cohort | T1D Validation cohort 1 | T2D Validation cohort 2 | T2D cohort for auxiliary study* | |
| N | 219 | 144 | 238 | 153 | 105 |
| Male/Female (n) | 106/113 | 94/50 | 131/107 | 43/110 | 29/76 |
| Age (years) | 45 ± 10 | 60 ± 6 | 39 ± 9 | 46 ± 9.8 | 45 ± 10 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 30 ± 9 | 16 ± 9 | 26 ± 9 | 16 ± 6 | 15 ± 6 |
| HbA1c (DCCT, %) | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 7.6 ± 1.6 | 9.0 ± 1.7 | 9.3 ± 2.3 | 9.2 ± 2.3 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 135 ± 20 | 140 ± 20 | 131 ± 18 | 124 ± 14 | 122 ± 13 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77 ± 11 | 75 ± 11 | 78 ± 11 | 77 ± 9 | 77 ± 9 |
| ACR (mg/g) ¶ | 757 (214, 1792) | 255 (56, 1100) | 591 (250, 1195) | 55 (13, 357) | 40 (12, 124) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)┼ | 43 ± 11 | 49 ± 11 | 98 ± 21 | 150 ± 47 | 151 ± 47 |
| During Follow-up | |||||
| GFR slope (ml/min/y) | −3.8 (−7.5, −1.9) | −3.2 (−6.4, −0.9) | −3.1 (−7.7, −1.3) | −4.0 (−8.9, −1.3) | −4.4 (−10.3, −1.6) |
| New cases of ESKD within 10 years (n (%)) | 108 (49%) | 35 (24%) | 50 (21%) | 34 (22%) | 15 (14%) |
Abbreviations: DKD, Diabetic kidney disease; Late DKD, individuals with impaired kidney function; Early DKD, individuals with normal kidney function; T1D, Type 1 Diabetes; T2D, Type 2 diabetes; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; SBP, Systolic blood pressure; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; ACR, urine albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration; ESKD, End Stage Kidney Disease, i.e. dialysis or kidney transplant.
*
Subgroup of T2D Pima validation cohort for kidney structural study.
┼
In Pima cohort, GFR (ml/min) was measured directly using urinary clearance of iothalamate.
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or ¶median (25%, 75%).