Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics between 28-day survivors and nonsurvivors.
| Variables | All patients (n = 3367) |
Survivors (n = 2407) |
Nonsurvivors (n = 960) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 [55, 77] | 65 [54, 77] | 69 [58,79] | < 0.001 |
| Marital, n (%) | 0.030 | |||
| Married | 1668 (49.5%) | 1164 (48.4%) | 504 (52.5%) | |
| Not married | 1699 (50.5%) | 1243 (51.6%) | 456 (47.5%) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.099 | |||
| Female | 1450 (43.1%) | 1058 (44.0%) | 392 (40.8%) | |
| Male | 1917 (56.9%) | 1349 (56.0%) | 568 (59.2%) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
| White | 2449 (72.7%) | 1756 (73.0%) | 693 (72.2%) | |
| Black | 352 (10.5%) | 274 (11.4%) | 78 (8.1%) | |
| Other | 566 (16.8%) | 377 (15.7%) | 189 (19.7%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 [23, 32] | 27 [24, 33] | 27 [23, 32] | 0.056 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37 [36, 37] | 37 [36, 37] | 37 [36, 37] | < 0.001 |
| SpO2 (%) | 97 [96, 99] | 97 [96, 99] | 97 [96, 99] | < 0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
| No | 3074 (91.3%) | 2222 (92.3%) | 852 (88.8%) | |
| Yes | 293 (8.7%) | 185 (7.7%) | 108 (11.3%) | |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 1586 (47.1%) | 1223 (50.8%) | 363 (37.8%) | |
| Yes | 1781 (52.9%) | 1184 (49.2%) | 597 (62.2%) | |
| Vasopressor use, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 997 (29.6%) | 814 (33.8%) | 183 (19.1%) | |
| Yes | 2370 (70.4%) | 1593 (66.2%) | 777 (80.9%) | |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3 [2, 3] | 3 [2,3] | 3 [2, 3] | < 0.001 |
| Bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 22 [19, 25] | 22 [19, 25] | 21 [18, 25] | < 0.001 |
| Anion gap (mEq/L) | 15 [13,18] | 15 [13, 17] | 16 [14,19] | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1 [1, 2] | 1 [1, 2] | 2 [1, 3] | < 0.001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1 [0, 2] | 1 [0, 2] | 1 [1, 3] | < 0.001 |
| Chloride (mEq/L) | 105 [101, 109] | 106 [102, 110] | 104 [100, 109] | < 0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 134 [110, 169] | 134 [110, 168] | 135 [110, 171] | 0.772 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 31 [28, 35] | 31 [28, 35] | 30 [27, 34] | 0.048 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10 [9, 12] | 10 [9, 12] | 10 [9, 11] | 0.012 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 138 [135, 141] | 139 [135, 141] | 138 [134, 141] | 0.006 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4 [4, 5] | 4 [4, 5] | 4 [4, 5] | < 0.001 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 29 [18, 49] | 27 [17, 45] | 37 [23, 58] | < 0.001 |
| WBC (109/L) | 13 [9, 19] | 13 [9, 19] | 13 [8, 19] | 0.281 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 2 [1, 3] | 2 [1, 3] | 2 [2, 4] | < 0.001 |
| PT (seconds) | 16 [14, 19] | 15 [14, 18] | 16 [14, 21] | < 0.001 |
| INR (seconds) | 1 [1, 2] | 1 [1, 2] | 2 [1, 2] | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte (%) | 8 [4, 14] | 9 [5, 15] | 7 [3, 12] | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophil (%) | 82 [73, 89] | 81 [72, 88] | 83 [73, 90] | 0.004 |
| RPR | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | < 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
| No | 2118 (62.9%) | 1558 (64.7%) | 560 (58.3%) | |
| Yes | 1249 (37.1%) | 849 (35.3%) | 400 (41.7%) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0.550 | |||
| No | 1621 (48.1%) | 1151 (47.8%) | 470 (49.0%) | |
| Yes | 1746 (51.9%) | 1256 (52.2%) | 490 (51.0%) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0.833 | |||
| No | 2225 (66.1%) | 1588 (66.0%) | 637 (66.4%) | |
| Yes | 1142 (33.9%) | 819 (34.0%) | 323 (33.6%) | |
| SOFA | 7 [4, 10] | 8 [6, 11] | 6 [4, 9] | < 0.001 |
| SAPS II | 44 [34, 54] | 51 [42, 61] | 41 [32, 51] | < 0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; SpO2: oxygen saturation; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; WBC: white blood cell; PT: prothrombin time; INR: international normalized ratio; RPR: red cell distribution width to platelet ratio; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; SAPS II: simplified acute physiology score II.