Table 2.
Characteristics of 37,052 men and 15,004 women according to quartiles of WBC; the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study, 1978–2016.
| Q1 (<5.0 × 109/L) | Q2 (5.0–5.699 × 109/L) | Q3 (5.7–6.8 × 109/L) | Q4 (>6.8 × 109/L) | p for trend | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | n = 37,052 | n = 8318 | n = 9242 | n = 9792 | n = 9700 | |
| Age (year) | 45.2 ± 9.2 | 45.5 ± 9.0 | 45.1 ± 9.1 | 45.1 ± 9.2 | 45.0 ± 9.5 | 0.017 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 ± 4.0 | 26.2 ± 3.3 | 26.9 ± 3.7 | 27.4 ± 4.0 | 28.3 ± 4.6 | <0.001 |
| CRF (METs) | 11.6 ± 2.3 | 12.5 ± 2.3 | 12.0 ± 2.3 | 11.5 ± 2.2 | 10.7 ± 2.1 | <0.001 |
| Physical activity (MET-min/week) (missing 6116) | 1150 ± 1354 | 1366 ± 1435 | 1193 ± 1412 | 1113 ± 1336 | 914 ± 1165 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 121.5 ± 12.8 | 120.4 ± 12.3 | 121.0 ± 12.6 | 121.8 ± 12.8 | 122.4 ± 13.2 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride-to-HDL ratio | 3.1 ± 2.2 | 2.3 ± 1.7 | 2.8 ± 2.1 | 3.2 ± 2.3 | 3.7 ± 2.5 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.5 ± 16.0 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.5 ± 0.8 | 5.5 ± 1.0 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| WBC (109/L) | 6.0 ± 1.4 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 7.9 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (n(%)) | 6688 (18.1) | 904 (10.9) | 1256 (13.6) | 1605 (16.4) | 2923 (30.1) | <0.001 |
| Total number of deaths | 3049 | 457 | 630 | 876 | 1446 | |
| All-cause mortality rate (per 1000 person-years) | 5.0 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 7.4 | |
| Women | n = 15,004 | n = 4357 | n = 3460 | n = 3493 | n = 3694 | |
| Age (year) | 45.2 ± 10.1 | 46.2 ± 9.6 | 45.2 ± 10.0 | 45.1 ± 10.2 | 44.2 ± 10.6 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 4.6 | 23.0 ± 3.4 | 23.8 ± 4.0 | 24.5 ± 4.4 | 25.8 ± 5.7 | <0.001 |
| CRF (METs) | 9.7 ± 2.0 | 10.2 ± 2.0 | 9.9 ± 2.0 | 9.6 ± 2.0 | 9.1 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| Physical activity (MET-min/week) (missing 2325) | 1196 ± 1382 | 1348 ± 1421 | 1202 ± 1310 | 1178 ± 1530 | 1009 ± 1217 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 112.7 ± 14.0 | 111.7 ± 13.6 | 112.1 ± 13.8 | 113.1 ± 14.2 | 114.1 ± 14.4 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride-to-HDL ratio | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 0.7 | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| WBC (109/L) | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 8.0 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (n (%)) | 1291 (8.6) | 162 (3.7) | 192 (5.5) | 303 (8.7) | 634 (17.2) | <0.001 |
| Total number of deaths | 679 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.8 |
| All-cause mortality rate (per 1000 woman-years) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 4.8 |
Note: Variables age through WBC are presented as mean ± SD.
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; CRF = cardiorespiratory fitness; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; MET = metabolic equivalent; WBC = white blood cell count.