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. 2022 Sep 21;12:988119. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988119

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Copyright © 2022 Charlestin, Fulkerson, Arias Matus, Walker, Carthy and Littlepage

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Functional Roles of Aquaporins. (A-E) Immune Cells. (A) AQP expression across various immune cells. (B) AQP4 is involved in T cell activation and proliferation. (C) In dendritic cells, AQP5 and AQP7 contribute to antigen uptake and endocytosis. (D) In dendritic cells, AQP9 expression aids in secretion of inflammatory cytokines. (E) AQP9 increases neutrophil migration to chemoattractants. (F-H) Fibroblasts and MSCs. (F) AQP5 expression in fibroblasts increases proliferation and migration. (G) AQP1 expression in BM-MSCs aids in migration, where BM-MSCs can interact with the TME to promote breast cancer progression. (H) AQP5 knockout in BM-MSCs increases differentiation and bone healing and reduces apoptosis rates. (I) Hypoxia. AQP1 mRNA and protein expression increase in response to hypoxia. Created with BioRender.com.