Table 4.

TCM increase insulin signaling pathway related toxic degradation enzymes.

TCM	Method	Animal	Cell	Mechanism	Toxic substances	Reference
PF	Aβ25–35	/	C6 glial	NEP↑ 、IDE↑ NOS↓、COX2↓、NO↓ IL-6↓、IL-1β↓、TNF-α↓	Aβ↓	(162) E. J. Cho, et al,2020
DNLA	SAMP8	Mice	BV2	NEP↑ 、IDE↑	Aβ↓、p-Tau↓	(130) C. Z. Feng,et al,2019
NTR1	APP/PS1	Mice	N2a-APP695sw	IDE↑、	Aβ↓	(156) Z. Li, et al,2015
Magnolol	TgCRND8	Mice	/	NEP↑ 、IDE↑ Astrocyte and microglia density↓	APP↓BACE1↓APH1↓PS1↓ Aβ↓、p-Tau↓	(128) C. Qu,et al,2021
IRN	TgCRND8 Aβ42	Mice	PRHN	IDE↑ Astrocyte and microglia density↓、IL-6↓、IL-1β↓、TNF-α↓	APP↓BACE1↓APH1↓ Aβ↓、p-Tau↓	(122) H. Q. Li,et al,2019
AA13	Aβ1-42	Mice	PMA	NEP↑ 、IDE↑ Microglia convert from M1 to M2↑	Aβ↓	(163) C. Huang, et al,2017
RP02-1	/	/	CHO/APPBACE1	NEP↑ 、IDE↑	Aβ↓	(165) H. Zeng, et al,2020
LBP1C-2	/	/	CHO/APPBACE1	IDE↑	BACE1↓ADAM10↑ Aβ↓	(166) L. Zhou, et al,2018
Rg1	Aβ1-42	Rats	/	IDE↑	APP↓BACE1↓PS1↓ADAM10↑ Aβ↓	(169) S. Zhi Liu, et al,2019
F1	APP/PS1 Aβ1-42	Mice	N2aAPP695sw SH-SY5Y	NEP↑ 、IDE↑	Aβ↓	(170) Y. J. Yun, et al, 2022
Rb1	STZ	Mice	/	IDE↑		(164) R. Yang, et al, 2020
DNLA	HMD	Mice	/	NEP↑ 、IDE↑	APP↓BACE1↓PS1↓DNMT1↓ Aβ↓	(167) T. Pi, et al,2021
STS	/	/	SH-SY5Y SH-SY5YAPPsw	NEP↑ 、IDE↑ ROS↓、MDA↓、NO↓、iNOS↓、SOD↑、GSH↑ IL-6↓、IL-1β↓、TNF-α↓	BACE1↓ADAM10↑ Aβ↓	(168) X. Q. Liu, et al,2020
CIG	3×Tg	Mice	/	NEP↑ 、IDE↑ NGF↑、BDNF↑、p-CREB↑	/	(171) C. Yang, et al, 2020
EFAD	HFD	Mice	3T3-L1	IDE↑	Aβ↓、p-tau↓	(124) S. Bin Park, et al, 2019

IDE, Iinsulin degrading enzyme; NGF, nerve growth factor; PMA, Primary microglia and astrocytes.

The '↑' means up-regulation and '↓' means down-regulation.