. 2022 Sep 20;5(3):e39386. doi: 10.2196/39386

Table 4.

Effect of the intervention on primary and secondary outcomes for caregivers of cognitively-impaired frail older adults (primary analysis).

Outcomes			Outcome frequency					Absolute scale effect size					Relative scale effect size
			Control (n=167)		Intervention (n=172)		Proportional difference^a/mean difference (95% CI)			P value		Odds ratio (95% CI)^b			P value
Primary outcome, n (%)
	Role assumed (active)	130 (77.8)		139 (80.8)		6.1 (–11.2 to 23.4)			.49		1.30 (0.66 to 2.55)			.45
Secondary outcomes
	Preferred housing option (stay at home), n (%)	82 (49.1)		83 (48.3)		–2.7 (–19.4 to 14.1)			.76		0.89 (0.41 to 1.95)			.77
	Housing decision made (stay at home), n (%)	27 (16.2)		36 (20.9)		2.6 (–10.0 to 15.2)			.69		1.10 (0.46 to 2.62)			.83
	Decisional conflict (yes: scale ≥37.5), n (%)	23 (13.8)		19 (11.1)		–7.5 (–16.5 to 1.6)			.10		0.46 (0.19 to 1.11)			.08
	Decisional regret (yes: scale >0), n (%)	117 (70.1)		124 (72.1)		1.7 (–15.0 to 18.3)			.84		1.03 (0.32 to 3.31)			.96
	Involvement in decision making (Dyadic-OPTION),^c mean (SD)	69.3 (17.6)		69.4 (19.8)		1.2 (–5.2 to 7.6)^d			.72		N/A^e			N/A
	Burden of care^f (0-88), mean (SD)	34.6 (17.2)		31.3 (16.5)		–1.1 (–6.2 to 4.0)^d			.66		N/A			N/A

^aGeneralized linear mixed model with adaptive Gaussian–Hermite approximation to the likelihood maximum using an identity link, including intervention as binary variable, a fixed effect (categorical) for time, and specifying a random effect for cluster.

^bGeneralized linear mixed model with logit link function, including intervention as binary variable, a fixed effect (categorical) for time, and specifying a random effect for cluster.

^cAssessed on a continuous scale ranging from 0 to 100.

^dLinear mixed model including intervention as binary variable, a fixed effect (categorical) for time, and specifying a random effect for cluster.

^eN/A: not applicable.

^fAssessed on continuous scale ranging from 0 to 88.