Table I.
Participant and injury characteristics.
| Study characteristics | Total | p-value* |
|---|---|---|
| Mean age, yrs (SD) (n = 22) | 33.3 (3.5) | |
| Sex, n (%) (n = 34) | 5,702 | |
| Male | 3,325 (58.3) | < 0.001 |
| Female | 2,377 (41.7) | |
| Race, n (%) (n = 10) | ||
| White | 477 (48.5) | |
| Black | 16 (1.6) | |
| Asian | 113 (11.5) | |
| Hispanic | 117 (11.9) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 9 (0.9) | |
| European | 250 (25.4) | |
| Māori | 38 (3.9) | |
| Middle Eastern | 5 (0.5) | |
| Other | 76 (7.7) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) (n = 24) | < 0.001 | |
| Alcohol use | 815 (25.1) | |
| No use | 2,310 (71.0) | |
| Unknown | 128 (3.9) | |
| Utox, n (%) (n = 8) | < 0.001 | |
| Positive | 236 (20.3) | |
| Negative | 929 (79.7) | |
| Helmet, n (%) (n = 23) | < 0.001 | |
| Yes | 151 (4.9) | |
| No | 2,114 (68.1) | |
| Unknown | 839 (27.0) | |
| < 18 yrs, n (%) (n = 15) | 139/2,468 (5.6) | |
| First time rider, n (%) | 178/604 (29.4) | |
| Presentation, n (%) (n = 12) | < 0.001 | |
| Ambulance | 849 (39.3) | |
| Walk in | 1,312 (60.7) | |
| Day of week, n (%) (n = 7) | < 0.001 | |
| Weekday | 464 (54.6) | |
| Weekend | 386 (45.4) | |
| Time of day, n (%) (n = 14) | < 0.001 | |
| Night | 1,094 (42.1) | |
| Day | 1,509 (57.9) | |
| Mechanism of injury, n (%) (n = 20) | ||
| Fall | 2,419 (74.4) | |
| Struck object | 269 (8.3) | |
| Vehicle | 332 (10.2) | |
| Pedestrian | 100 (3.1) | |
| Malfunction | 13 (0.4) | |
| Other | 119 (3.7) | |
| Location, n (%) (n = 5) | ||
| Street | 361 (48.5) | |
| Sidewalk | 195 (26.2) | |
| Other | 41 (5.5) | |
| Unknown | 148 (19.9) |
*
Chi-squared test.
SD, standard deviation; utox, urine toxicology test.