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. 2022 Aug 9;3(10):1173–1197. doi: 10.1039/d2cb00116k

Methods for the screening or selection of polymerase mutants.

Method Advantages Disadvantages Application examples Ref.
Multi-well plate screening Simple Time consuming SFM4-3 77, 102, 104, 106 and 115
Direct identification of single active mutants Limited screening throughput SFM4-6
SFM4-9
Tgo RT-TKK
Tgo RT-C8
Tgo Pol6G12
Tgo PolC7
Tgo PolD4K
Tgo RT521K
Tgo RT521
KF I709E E710G
Taq AA40
CSR High throughput Target polymerase needs to replicate the full-length of its own gene Taq T8 78, 80, 81, 95, 116 and 167
Simple High temperature is usually needed to break the emulsified cells Taq H15
Tth SΔTthCs12RsEx pol mutants
Phi29 DNAP Mut
Bst v5.9
Bst v7.16
KOD RTX
KOD RTX-Ome v6
spCSR High throughput High temperature is usually needed to break the emulsified cells Pfu DNAP E10 94 and 115
Target polymerase only needs to replicate a part of its own gene Taq AA40
Reduced adaptive burden
Tunable selection stringency
Improved selection sensitivity and versatility
CST High throughput High temperature is usually needed to break the emulsified cells Tgo Pol6G12 104
Allows the selection for activities towards difficult nucleoside triphosphate substrates and under challenging conditions Plasmid DNA has to be used as the extension template for the tagging primer Tgo PolC7
Tgo PolD4K
Tgo RT521K
Tgo RT521
CPR High throughput High temperature is usually needed to break the emulsified cells T7 RNAP CGG-R7-8 117
Expanded scope of proteins to be evolved Challenging to design genetic circuits T7 RNAP CGG-R12-KIRV
Mitigated effect on host fitness
CBL High throughput High temperature is usually needed to break the emulsified cells Tgo RT-TKK 102
Suitable for evolving various reverse transcription activities Experiment complexity Tgo RT-C8
Phage display High throughput The target polymerase needs to be actively displayed on phage SFM4-3 77, 125 and 129
Kinds of the nucleic acid template, primer and nucleoside triphosphates for selection can all be well controlled SFM4-6
Adjustable selection stringency SFM4-9
Rapid reproduction of phage SFR1
SFR2
SFR3
Phi29 DNAP
PACE High throughput Experiment complexity T7 RNAP A6-36.4 131
Rapid reproduction of phage Expensive facilities
Continuous evolution Challenging to design genetic circuits
Minimal researcher intervention
Rapid evolutionary cycle
Cell surface display High throughput The target polymerase needs to be actively displayed on cell surface KF I709E E710G 106
Expanded scope of polymerases to be displayed for selection