Fig. 3.

Association between mPAP and HR stratified by diagnosis. No statistically significant increased risk is observed in the overall cohort for each increase of mPAP by 1 mm Hg: HR 1.002, 95% CI: 0.990–1.014, p = 0.774; instead, in the COPD cohort, the risk is slightly increased (HR: 1.015, 95% CI: 1.003–1.027, p = 0.0146) and it is greatly increased in the ILD cohort: HR 2.776, 95% CI: 2.057–3.748, p < 0.001). The kernel density estimate represents the relative density of patients across mPAP values. mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ILD, interstitial lung disease; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.