Fig. 5.

Functional virus-specific T-cell responses induced by the vaccinations. IFNγ and IL4 production were measured after in-vitro stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin in an intracellular staining assay. IFNγ (A) and IL4 (B) were evaluated as parameters representative of Th1 and Th2 responses, respectively. There was a higher number of CD4+ T cells producing IFNγ in Group 4 mice (A, G4), as compared to the other groups of mice, which gave a significantly greater IFNγ/IL4 ratio vs the negative control (C). IL4 production was low in all of the groups. Statistical significance using one-way ANOVA parametric tests and Bonferroni/Newman-Keuls analysis of variance is shown: (^***) p < 0.001.