. 2022 Sep 2;28(12):1572–1577. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.08.018

Table 1.

Prevention, isolation, and surveillance measures for patients with low or moderate severity of confirmed MPXV infection and their contacts

Patients with MPVX infection	Contact people
• Avoid contact with other people, especially those at risk of severe disease • Avoid close contact with mammal pets • Isolate the patient at home until he/she is cured (complete removal of skin lesions) if conditions allow the patient to remain at home and if he/she is well informed and able to follow the measures to be taken with respect to potential contacts and to correctly perform the clinical surveillance adapted to his/her status. Patients without risk factors for severe disease: self-monitoring (passive surveillance) of clinical signs with a minimum weekly call to the Agence Régionale de santé (regional health agency-ARS). A telephone number will be given to the patient by the ARS, to be contacted in case of aggravation of symptoms. Patients with risk factors for severe disease: active monitoring of clinical signs through systematic multi-weekly calls to the ARS-designated referring medical team. • Avoid, whenever possible, keeping any person at risk for severe form at home. • If conditions for isolation and home care cannot be adequately provided: - give preference to isolation in a dedicated ad hoc facility; - discuss the possibility of temporary hospitalization for clinical monitoring and ensure, especially in patients with risk factors for severe disease, the absence of complications and a favourable short-term evolution with, in these cases, a satisfactory return to the home or to an ad hoc structure.	• Organize under the coordination of the regional health agency (and the infectious control team for hospitalized cases): - the identification of contacts and evaluation of the risk (negligible or not) of being infected; - the assessment of the risk of developing a severe form of the disease, taking into account a proven history of vaccination against smallpox (persons born before 1977, vaccination record or characteristic embossed scar); - the logistics for performing confirmatory virological diagnostic tests if the contact person becomes symptomatic. • Do not place contacts under eviction. • Ask contacts to watch for clinical signs (fever, blistering rash, etc.) for 21 d after the last contact with the infected person. • Remove contacts at risk for severe disease from the infected person's home. • In case clinical signs appear, warn contacts of the need to get isolated immediately and to contact very soon the emergency centre or their general practitioner.

Patients with MPVX infection

Contact people

•
Avoid contact with other people, especially those at risk of severe disease
•
Avoid close contact with mammal pets
•
Isolate the patient at home until he/she is cured (complete removal of skin lesions) if conditions allow the patient to remain at home and if he/she is well informed and able to follow the measures to be taken with respect to potential contacts and to correctly perform the clinical surveillance adapted to his/her status.

Patients without risk factors for severe disease: self-monitoring (passive surveillance) of clinical signs with a minimum weekly call to the Agence Régionale de santé (regional health agency-ARS). A telephone number will be given to the patient by the ARS, to be contacted in case of aggravation of symptoms.
Patients with risk factors for severe disease: active monitoring of clinical signs through systematic multi-weekly calls to the ARS-designated referring medical team.

•
Avoid, whenever possible, keeping any person at risk for severe form at home.
•
If conditions for isolation and home care cannot be adequately provided:

- give preference to isolation in a dedicated ad hoc facility;
- discuss the possibility of temporary hospitalization for clinical monitoring and ensure, especially in patients with risk factors for severe disease, the absence of complications and a favourable short-term evolution with, in these cases, a satisfactory return to the home or to an ad hoc structure.

•
Organize under the coordination of the regional health agency (and the infectious control team for hospitalized cases):

- the identification of contacts and evaluation of the risk (negligible or not) of being infected;
- the assessment of the risk of developing a severe form of the disease, taking into account a proven history of vaccination against smallpox (persons born before 1977, vaccination record or characteristic embossed scar);
- the logistics for performing confirmatory virological diagnostic tests if the contact person becomes symptomatic.

•
Do not place contacts under eviction.
•
Ask contacts to watch for clinical signs (fever, blistering rash, etc.) for 21 d after the last contact with the infected person.
•
Remove contacts at risk for severe disease from the infected person's home.
•
In case clinical signs appear, warn contacts of the need to get isolated immediately and to contact very soon the emergency centre or their general practitioner.

MPXV, Monkeypox virus.