TABLE 3.
Ongoing and completed clinical trials on CSC‐directed immunotherapies
| Immunotherapy | Condition | Phase | NCT number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines | |||
| Cancer stem cells vaccine | Ovarian cancer | I/II | NCT02178670 |
| Tumor lysate‐pulsed DC vaccine | High‐risk solid tumor | II | NCT00405327 |
| Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHA)‐loaded PD‐L‐silenced DC vaccination | Hematological malignancies | I/II | NCT02528682 |
| Total tumor RNA (TTRNA)‐loaded‐DCs | Recurrent medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor | II | NCT01326104 |
| CD34+‐derived DCs | Breast neoplasms | I | NCT00197522 |
| Dendritic cell vaccine with mRNA from tumor stem cells | Glioblastoma | I/II | NCT00846456 |
| Dendritic cell fusion vaccine | Multiple myeloma | II | NCT01067287 |
| Autologous DCs with glioma stem‐like cells associated antigens | Glioblastoma | II | NCT01567202 |
| Bispecific antibodies | |||
| Anti‐CD3 × anti‐CD20 bispecific antibody‐armed activated T cells | Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasm | I | NCT00938626 |
| Elranatamab (B‐cell maturation antigen [BCMA] CD3‐targeted bispecific antibody) | Multiple myeloma | III | NCT05317416 |
| Anti‐CD3 × anti‐CD20 bispecific antibody (CD20Bi)‐activated T cells (ATC) | Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma | I | NCT00244946 |
Clinical trial data sources: clinicaltrials.gov.